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The Effects of Group and Home-Based Exercise Programs in Elderly with Sarcopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Maria Tsekoura1,2, Evdokia Billis3, Elias Tsepis4
1Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health and Welfare, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Western Greece, 25100 Aigio, Greece. mariatsekoura@hotmail.com.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|November 30, 2018
Summary
Supervised group exercise programs significantly improved muscle strength, function, and quality of life in elderly individuals with sarcopenia compared to home-based programs. These benefits were sustained at 3 months post-intervention.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Exercise Physiology
- Rehabilitation Science
Background:
- Sarcopenia significantly impacts elderly health, increasing fall risk and reducing quality of life.
- While physical exercise is beneficial, optimal exercise modalities for sarcopenic elderly remain debated.
- Group-based and home-based exercise programs offer different adherence and supervision models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effectiveness of a 3-month supervised group-based versus individualized home-based exercise program.
- To evaluate the impact on muscular parameters, functional performance, and quality of life in elderly individuals with sarcopenia.
- To assess the sustainability of exercise benefits at 3 months post-intervention.
Main Methods:
- 54 elderly individuals with sarcopenia were randomized into supervised group exercise, home-based exercise, or control groups.
- Interventions lasted 3 months, with assessments at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks.
- Evaluated body composition, calf circumference, muscle strength (grip, knee), functional tests (4m walk, TUG, CS), and quality of life (SarQol_GR).
Main Results:
- Both exercise groups showed significant improvements compared to the control group.
- Group-based exercise demonstrated superior improvements in muscle mass index, chair stand, 4m walk, calf circumference, and muscle strength at 12 weeks.
- Sustained or further improvements were observed at 24 weeks, particularly with the group-based intervention.
Conclusions:
- Supervised group-based exercise is more effective than home-based exercise for enhancing functional performance in sarcopenic elderly.
- Group exercise interventions lead to significant and potentially lasting improvements in muscle strength, physical function, and quality of life.
- Tailored exercise programs, especially when supervised in a group setting, are crucial for managing sarcopenia in older adults.
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