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Audiovisual Lexical Retrieval Deficits Following Left Hemisphere Stroke.

Brenda Hanna-Pladdy1, Hyun Choi2, Brian Herman3

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Bhanna-Pladdy@som.umaryland.edu.

Brain Sciences
|November 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Object naming accuracy is lower for sounds than pictures, especially in stroke patients. Multisensory (audiovisual) naming improved only in healthy adults, highlighting modality-specific processing and brain networks.

Keywords:
audiovisualauditory namingenvironmental soundsleft hemisphere strokelexical retrievalmultisensory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurolinguistics

Background:

  • Integrating auditory and visual sensory information is crucial for forming coherent perceptions and accessing semantic meaning.
  • Previous research on object naming primarily focused on visual confrontation, with limited exploration of auditory or multisensory processing.
  • Understanding the neural basis of lexical retrieval across different sensory modalities is essential for comprehending language processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural substrates and sensory effects influencing lexical retrieval in object naming.
  • To compare naming performance across auditory, visual, and multisensory conditions in healthy adults and individuals with left hemisphere stroke.
  • To examine how lesion location (cortical, subcortical) in stroke patients affects naming accuracy and reaction times.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 118 healthy adults and 42 left hemisphere stroke patients (LHD) on object naming tasks.
  • Tasks included auditory (sound), visual (picture), and multisensory (audiovisual) naming conditions.
  • LHD patients were categorized by lesion type (cortical, cortical-subcortical, subcortical) and lesion location analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Auditory naming accuracy was lower than visual or multisensory naming across all participants.
  • Healthy controls outperformed LHD patients in naming accuracy and reaction time across all conditions.
  • Multisensory enhancement (improvement with auditory cues) was observed only in healthy controls, not in LHD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Results suggest overlapping neural networks for visual and auditory semantic integration in lexical retrieval, with significant temporal lobe involvement.
  • Multisensory integration relies on both occipital and temporal lobe regions.
  • Auditory naming is mediated by a distributed cortical-subcortical network, distinct from but overlapping with networks for skilled movement.