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State, trait anxiety and selective attention differences in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) subtypes
Paloma González-Castro1, Celestino Rodríguez1, Marisol Cueli1
1Universidad de Oviedo, Spain.
International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology : IJCHP
|November 30, 2018
Summary
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) subtypes show distinct attention and anxiety patterns. Trait anxiety significantly impacts concentration in students with ADHD, suggesting new diagnostic assessment avenues.
Area of Science:
- Child Psychology
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) significantly impacts academic performance.
- The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) outlines three ADHD subtypes: inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, and combined.
- Comorbid anxiety can alter the presentation and impact of ADHD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate distinct attention (selective, concentration) and anxiety (state, trait) patterns across ADHD subtypes.
- To analyze the predictive role of anxiety on the selective attention task performance in children with ADHD.
Main Methods:
- A sample of 220 children (6-12 years) was divided into four groups: control, inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, and combined ADHD.
- Assessment of selective attention, concentration, state anxiety, and trait anxiety was conducted for each group.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in attention variables and anxiety levels were observed among the groups.
- The combined ADHD subtype presented with higher trait anxiety, while the inattentive subtype showed elevated state anxiety.
- Trait anxiety was found to predict performance on the concentration aspect of the attention task.
Conclusions:
- ADHD subtypes are associated with specific profiles of attention and anxiety.
- Trait anxiety is a significant predictor of attentional performance in children with ADHD.
- Findings offer potential for developing more objective and reliable ADHD diagnostic assessments.
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