Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

3.3K

When type 1 diabetes meets celiac disease

Blanka Vidan-Jeras1

  • 1Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Tissue Typing Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

HLA
|November 30, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) share genetic risk factors, particularly HLA-DQ2 and DQ8. Specific HLA genotypes, like DR3-DQ2/DR3-DQ2, significantly increase the likelihood of developing both autoimmune conditions concurrently.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) are autoimmune disorders that can co-occur.
  • Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) alleles, specifically HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8, are established genetic risk factors for both T1D and CD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the HLA genetic profiles of patients with co-existing T1D and CD.
  • To identify specific HLA genotypes associated with the simultaneous development of T1D and CD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of HLA allele frequencies and ancestral haplotypes in Slovenian patients with T1D, CD, and co-existing T1D+CD.
  • Comparison of HLA profiles between patient groups to determine shared and distinct genetic predispositions.

Main Results:

  • Patients with co-existing T1D and CD (T1D+CD) exhibited HLA profiles more similar to T1D patients than CD patients.
  • The HLA-DQ2 allele conferred a higher risk for developing both T1D and CD compared to HLA-DQ8.
  • The ancestral haplotype A1-B8-DR3-DQ2-MICA*008 (8.1AH) was over-represented in Slovenian T1D+CD patients, with B*08 being a significant independent risk factor.
  • Specific genotypes, DR3-DQ2/DR3-DQ2 and DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8, were associated with increased risk for CD in T1D patients and T1D in CD patients, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • HLA-DQ2 is a significant risk factor for the co-occurrence of T1D and CD.
  • Certain HLA genotypes, particularly DR3-DQ2/DR3-DQ2 and DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8, identify individuals at higher risk for developing both autoimmune diseases.
  • Consideration of targeted screening for the second disease in patients with the first, especially those with low-risk genotypes, may be beneficial.

Keywords:
celiac diseaseco-occurrencescreeningtype 1 diabetes

More Related Videos

A High-Throughput Electrochemiluminescence 7-Plex Assay Simultaneously Screening for Type 1 Diabetes and Multiple Autoimmune Diseases06:50

A High-Throughput Electrochemiluminescence 7-Plex Assay Simultaneously Screening for Type 1 Diabetes and Multiple Autoimmune Diseases

Published on: May 29, 2020

3.0K
A Protocol for Constructing a Rat Wound Model of Type 1 Diabetes05:18

A Protocol for Constructing a Rat Wound Model of Type 1 Diabetes

Published on: February 17, 2023

5.8K

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
5.0K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
5.4K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
3.6K
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
1.1K
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
500
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
2.3K