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Diminished B-Cell Response After Repeat Influenza Vaccination.

Mrinmoy Sanyal1,2,3, Tyson H Holmes1, Holden T Maecker4

  • 1Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|November 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Annual influenza vaccination may lead to a diminished B-cell response. This study found reduced vaccine-specific plasmablasts and antibody reactivity after repeat seasonal flu vaccinations, suggesting a need for improved strategies.

Keywords:
B-cell responseInfluenza virus infectionantibodyinfluenza vaccineplasmablastrepeated vaccination

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Annual influenza vaccination is recommended in the US.
  • Previous studies show conflicting results on annual vaccine benefits.
  • B-cell responses to repeat vaccinations need further examination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze B-cell and antibody responses after multiple annual influenza vaccinations.
  • To investigate trends in vaccine-specific plasmablasts and antibody reactivity over time.

Main Methods:

  • Volunteers received yearly trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines from 2010/2011 to 2014.
  • Analyzed vaccine-specific plasmablasts and antibody (Ab) binding reactivity.
  • Measured serum hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) Ab response.

Main Results:

  • Frequency of vaccine-specific plasmablasts and Ab binding reactivity decreased after the second annual vaccination.
  • These responses did not increase in subsequent years.
  • Similar diminished trends observed in HAI Ab and Ab reactivity to vaccine hemagglutinin components.

Conclusions:

  • Annual vaccination with seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine leads to a diminished B-cell response.
  • Findings highlight the need for improved strategies to enhance influenza vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy.