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Cognitive Frailty is Associated with Fall-Related Fracture among Older People
K Tsutsumimoto1, T Doi, H Makizako
1Kota Tsutsumimoto, Section for Health Promotion, Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu City, Aichi Prefecture 474-8511, Japan, Tel: +81-562-44-5651, Fax: +81-562-46-8294,
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging
|December 1, 2018
Summary
Cognitive frailty, a combination of cognitive impairment and physical frailty, significantly increases the risk of falls and fall-related fractures in older adults. This condition poses a greater risk for fractures than either impairment alone.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Neurology
- Public Health
Background:
- Cognitive impairment and physical frailty are independent risk factors for falls in older adults.
- Cognitive frailty, defined as the coexistence of cognitive impairment and physical frailty, represents a significant health concern.
- Understanding the impact of cognitive frailty on fall-related injuries is crucial for preventative strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between cognitive frailty and the occurrence of falls.
- To examine the relationship between cognitive frailty and fall-related fractures.
- To compare the risks associated with cognitive frailty versus isolated cognitive impairment or physical frailty.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional observational study involving 10,202 older adults (≥ 65 years) in Japan.
- Physical frailty assessed by slow walking speed and/or muscle weakness; cognitive impairment evaluated using memory, attention, executive function, and processing speed tests.
- Multinomial logistic regression analysis adjusted for covariates to determine associations with falling and fractures.
Main Results:
- All functional decline groups (cognitive impairment, physical frailty, cognitive frailty) were significantly associated with falling without fractures compared to the robust group.
- Cognitive frailty demonstrated a significant association with fall-related fractures (OR 1.92, 95% CI: 1.20-3.08).
- The risk of fall-related fractures was notably higher in the cognitive frailty group compared to isolated cognitive impairment or physical frailty.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive frailty is a significant predictor of both falls and fall-related fractures in older adults.
- Cognitive frailty presents a heightened risk for fall-related fractures compared to cognitive impairment or physical frailty alone.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the causal relationship between cognitive frailty and fall-related fractures.
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