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Engineering Protective Polymer Coatings for Liver Microtissues.

Xi Chen1,2, Wen Jiang1,3, Ayman Ahmed1

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This study developed a polymer coating to protect 3D hepatocyte microtissues from toxic nanomaterials. The coating maintained microtissue structure and liver function, improving in vitro liver models.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Hepatology
  • Nanotoxicology

Background:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) hepatocyte microtissues (MT) offer physiologically relevant data for liver studies.
  • Variability in 3D MT generation and susceptibility to damage are significant challenges.
  • Encapsulation methods can enhance hepatocyte survival and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective effects of biocompatible polymer coatings on 3D hepatocyte MT.
  • To assess the impact of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVPON) and tannic acid (TA) coatings against hepatotoxic nanomaterials (NMs).
  • To evaluate the maintenance of MT morphology and liver function after NM exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Hepatocyte MT were cultured in 3D.
  • MT were coated with PVPON and TA.
  • Coated and uncoated MT were exposed to graphene oxide (GO) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) NMs.
  • Cell viability, morphology, and liver function markers (ALT, AST) were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Polymer coatings preserved the morphology of hepatocyte MT.
  • Coating significantly increased hepatocyte MT viability when exposed to NMs.
  • Liver cell function, indicated by ALT and AST levels, remained stable post-treatment.
  • The coatings effectively reduced cellular interaction with toxic NMs.

Conclusions:

  • A straightforward and safe methodology using polymer coatings was developed for hepatocyte MT.
  • This approach enhances the stability and reliability of 3D liver models in vitro.
  • The findings support improved in vitro testing for hepatotoxicity and drug delivery.