Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Comparing Objective Conjunctival Hyperemia Grading and the Ocular Surface Disease Index Score in Dry Eye Syndrome During COVID-19
Published on: May 25, 2022
[Secondary dry eye syndrome after keratorefractive surgeries and approaches to its treatment and prevention]
I A Bubnova1, G B Egorova1, T S Mitichkina1
1Research Institute of Eye Diseases, 11A Rossolimo St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119021.
Abstract:
The article reviews the particularities of development and pathogenesis of secondary dry eye syndrome (DES) after refractive surgeries including a complex of problems related to changes in tear film content, damage of eye surface and neurotrophic epitheliopathy. Additionally, modern algorithms of treatment and prevention of secondary DES in patients after refractive surgeries are described. Despite the transient nature of the changes, excimer-laser surgery can lead to lasting deficiencies of eye surface in some patients. Therefore, intensive and early treatment of secondary DES during the early follow-up period after refractive surgery may significantly reduce risks of tear dysfunction and neurotrophic epitheliopathy development in the long term.
Related Concept Videos
Secondary Active Transport
Secondary Active Transport
Secondary Healthcare System
Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots
Cancer Prevention
Some...
Secondary Distribution
In residential areas, 120/240 V single-phase, three-wire service is commonly used for lighting, outlets, and large appliances. Urban areas with high-density loads...

