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Cellular Encapsulation in 3D Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering
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Tissue engineered hydrogels supporting 3D neural networks.

Ulises A Aregueta-Robles1, Penny J Martens1, Laura A Poole-Warren1

  • 1Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Acta Biomaterialia
|December 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels with mechanical properties similar to nerve tissue better support glial cell development, which is crucial for building functional neural networks for nerve regeneration.

Keywords:
Biosynthetic hydrogelNeural networksPolyvinyl alcoholSupporting gliaTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Nerve regeneration requires engineered cellular carriers that support neuronal growth.
  • Biosynthetic hydrogels are promising for nerve tissue regeneration.
  • Understanding the role of hydrogel mechanical properties on cell behavior is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a biosynthetic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel for supporting co-encapsulated neurons and glia.
  • To investigate the impact of hydrogel mechanical properties on glial cell phenotype and neuronal network development.

Main Methods:

  • Co-polymerized poly(vinyl alcohol) with sericin and gelatin (PVA-SG) into two variants with different mechanical moduli (16 kPa and 2 kPa).
  • Encapsulated Schwann cells (SCs) and subsequently co-cultured SCs with PC12 cells in the hydrogels.
  • Assessed cell viability, morphology, extracellular matrix protein expression, and neuronal network formation.

Main Results:

  • Both hydrogels supported cell viability and extracellular matrix protein expression.
  • SCs in the higher modulus (16 kPa) PVA-SG hydrogel exhibited more physiologically relevant morphologies and increased extracellular matrix production.
  • The higher modulus hydrogel supported the development of neuronal networks, while the lower modulus hydrogel did not.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrogel mechanical properties critically influence glial cell phenotype and function.
  • Optimizing hydrogel mechanics to support glial cells is essential for developing functional neural tissue.
  • This study highlights the importance of glial support in engineering neural networks for regeneration.