Physicochemical characteristics and pyrolysis performance of corn stalk torrefied in aqueous ammonia by microwave
Jun Hu1, Bingxing Jiang1, Jing Wang1
1Engineering Laboratory for Energy System Process Conversion & Emission Control Technology of Jiangsu Province, School of Energy & Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210042, China.
Abstract:
The physicochemical characteristics and pyrolysis performance of corn stalk (CS) torrefied in water and aqueous ammonia by microwave heating were investigated. Physicochemical characterization revealed that both microwave water torrefied CS (MCS) and microwave ammonia torrefied CS (MACS) showed low hemicellulose content, disrupted macrostructure, improved porous properties, and low ash content. MACS exhibited a significantly lower crystallinity degree of 44.34% than CS (79.55%) and MCS (89.50%). MACS also showed increased methyl/methylene groups intensity, and complete acetyl groups disrupture. Pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) revealed that compared with CS and MCS, MACS exhibited higher peak areas for ketones, aldehydes, furans and esters, and significantly lower peak areas for acids and phenols. A possible mechanism was proposed for the effects of wet torrefaction with aqueous ammonia on changes in physicochemical structure and pyrolysis behavior of corn stalk.
More Related Videos
08:18Non-Aqueous Isolation and Enrichment of Glandular Capitate Stalked and Sessile Trichomes from Cannabis sativa
Published on: May 12, 2023
07:38Using Flight Mills to Measure Flight Propensity and Performance of Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte
Published on: October 29, 2019
Related Concept Videos
Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
Characteristics of Life
Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
Heating and Cooling Curves
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
Specific Heat
For example, increasing the temperature of one gram of water by 1°C requires one calorie of heat energy and can be written as 1 cal/g-°C, or...
Quantifying Heat
