Using Tibia Proximal Cut Autograft in Advanced Varus Knee Deformity in Total Knee Arthroplasty; Outcomes Compared to...

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Advanced knee varus deformity presents challenges in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA).
• Reconstruction of proximal tibia medial bone defects using autograft is a potential solution.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare TKA outcomes in patients with advanced varus deformity requiring tibial autograft reconstruction versus those without reconstruction.
• Evaluate the efficacy of using tibia proximal cut bone for tibial defect reconstruction in TKA.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective study comparing 12 patients with advanced varus deformity (reconstruction group) and 15 patients without reconstruction (control group) undergoing TKA between 2009-2015.
• Clinical and radiographic assessments were performed, including WOMAC scores and Hip-Knee-Ankle (HKA) angles.
• Follow-up duration averaged approximately 73 months for both groups.

Main Results:

• Both groups showed significant postoperative improvement with no evidence of loosening requiring revision.
• No significant difference was found in WOMAC scores between the reconstruction and control groups at the last follow-up.
• While both groups improved varus deformity, the reconstruction group had a more severe preoperative varus angle (26.1° vs 10.1°).

Conclusions:

• TKA with tibial proximal cut autograft reconstruction for advanced knee varus deformity achieves successful clinical and radiographic results.
• This reconstructive technique provides comparable outcomes to TKA in patients without significant tibial defects.
• The study supports the use of tibial autograft for addressing proximal tibia medial defects in TKA for varus knees.