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Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

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Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
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Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

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Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
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Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

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Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
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Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

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Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
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Role of Myosin in Cell Migration01:18

Role of Myosin in Cell Migration

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Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
Myosin II  is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction....
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Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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Visualization of Tangential Cell Migration in the Developing Chick Optic Tectum
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Visualization of Tangential Cell Migration in the Developing Chick Optic Tectum

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Vimentin on the move: new developments in cell migration.

Rachel A Battaglia1, Samed Delic1, Harald Herrmann2,3

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

F1000Research
|December 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vimentin, a key intermediate filament protein, is crucial for cell migration by integrating environmental cues and regulating cytoskeletal dynamics. Understanding vimentin

Keywords:
cell migrationcell polaritycell stiffnesscytoskeletonpost-translational modifications

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Related Experiment Videos

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Vimentin (VIM) is a crucial intermediate filament protein involved in cell structure and dynamics.
  • Vimentin plays roles in cell plasticity, wound repair, and cancer cell migration.
  • Early studies indicated vimentin's role in cell migration, but mechanisms remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological functions of vimentin, particularly in mice lacking the Vim gene.
  • To elucidate novel molecular mechanisms by which vimentin coordinates cell migration.
  • To highlight recent advances in understanding vimentin dynamics using advanced microscopy and computational analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on vimentin function and studies using Vim knockout mice.
  • Analysis of recent research employing advanced microscopy and computational image analysis.
  • Integration of findings to propose a hypothesis on vimentin's role in cell migration.

Main Results:

  • Vimentin knockout mice exhibit developmental and wound repair defects.
  • Vimentin is essential for mesenchymal cell plasticity and migration of cancer cells.
  • Vimentin integrates mechanical signals and modulates microtubule and actomyosin dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Vimentin's role in cell migration is mediated by integrating mechanical cues and regulating cytoskeletal networks.
  • Further research into vimentin and other intermediate filament proteins will advance cell biology.
  • Understanding vimentin levels is critical for insights into metastatic cancer cell invasion.