Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

3.2K
The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
3.2K
Limiting Reactant02:27

Limiting Reactant

70.1K
The relative amounts of reactants and products represented in a balanced chemical equation are often referred to as stoichiometric amounts. However, in reality, the reactants are not always present in the stoichiometric amounts indicated by the balanced equation.
70.1K
The Number e as a Limit01:29

The Number e as a Limit

90
The number e is a fundamental constant in calculus, playing a central role in describing continuous change, particularly exponential growth. It is most naturally defined through its relationship with the natural logarithm, which is the inverse of the exponential function with base e. This relationship allows e to be characterized using basic principles of differentiation rather than as an arbitrary numerical constant.A key property of the natural logarithm function, ln x, is that its derivative...
90
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

16.5K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
16.5K
Types of Limits I01:23

Types of Limits I

186
Limits are a key mathematical concept for understanding how functions behave as their input approaches specific values, particularly when the function is undefined. They help reveal trends and discontinuities by examining the values a function approaches rather than its actual value.One-sided limits focus on the direction from which a value is approached. When a function behaves differently depending on whether the input approaches from the left or the right, the two one-sided limits may not...
186
Limit Laws I01:25

Limit Laws I

225
Limit laws provide essential tools for analyzing how functions behave as their input approaches a specific value. These laws are particularly useful when dealing with combinations of functions, provided the individual limits exist. The Sum and Difference Laws state that the limit of the sum or difference of two functions equals the sum or difference of their respective limits:The Product Law asserts that the limit of the product of two functions equals the product of their individual limits:A...
225

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Epitope-Resolved Digital SERS Profiling of Structurally Dynamic Antigens via a Multi-Epitope Bispecific Antibody Framework.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Spatially Profiling Trace Cytokine Signatures From Microscopically Derived Skin Samples to Probe Skin Disease Inflammation.

Small methods·2026
Same author

Monkeypox (Mpox), a Resurging Global Public Health Concern: An Updated Outlook Through 2025.

Current issues in molecular biology·2026
Same author

Multifactor authentication in extracellular vesicle analysis: methods and approaches to address the heterogeneity problem.

Nature methods·2026
Same author

Glycaemic variability underlies myocyte dysfunction and myocardial injury risk in diabetes.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Nanobiosensors and Artificial Intelligence Strategies for Glycan Profiling in Cancer Progression: A Critical Review.

ACS sensors·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Principles of Site-Specific Recombinase SSR Technology
07:06

Principles of Site-Specific Recombinase SSR Technology

Published on: May 29, 2008

21.5K

Tracking antigen specific T-cells: Technological advancement and limitations.

Shuvashis Dey1, K Kamil Reza1, Alain Wuethrich1

  • 1Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia.

Biotechnology Advances
|December 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Monitoring T-cell immune status is crucial for disease diagnosis. New micro-technologies like microarrays and microfluidics offer precise detection of antigen-specific T-cells, overcoming limitations of current assays.

Keywords:
MicroarrayMicrofluidicsSensorT-cellpMHC

More Related Videos

Killer Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells KaAPC for Efficient In Vitro Depletion of Human Antigen-specific T Cells
08:12

Killer Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells KaAPC for Efficient In Vitro Depletion of Human Antigen-specific T Cells

Published on: August 11, 2014

10.0K
Visualizing Antigen Specific CD4+ T Cells using MHC Class II Tetramers
15:42

Visualizing Antigen Specific CD4+ T Cells using MHC Class II Tetramers

Published on: March 6, 2009

22.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Principles of Site-Specific Recombinase SSR Technology
07:06

Principles of Site-Specific Recombinase SSR Technology

Published on: May 29, 2008

21.5K
Killer Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells KaAPC for Efficient In Vitro Depletion of Human Antigen-specific T Cells
08:12

Killer Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells KaAPC for Efficient In Vitro Depletion of Human Antigen-specific T Cells

Published on: August 11, 2014

10.0K
Visualizing Antigen Specific CD4+ T Cells using MHC Class II Tetramers
15:42

Visualizing Antigen Specific CD4+ T Cells using MHC Class II Tetramers

Published on: March 6, 2009

22.2K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Biosensing Technology

Background:

  • T-cell mediated immunity is vital for disease response and diagnosis.
  • Current methods often measure average immune responses, potentially misestimating patient status due to rare cell populations.
  • Detecting antigen-specific T-cells requires highly sensitive and specific assays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in biosensing for T-cell immune status assessment.
  • To highlight micro-technologies for analyzing antigen-specific T-cells.
  • To discuss challenges and future directions in immune-sensor development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current and emerging T-cell detection techniques.
  • Focus on microarray and microfluidic platforms for immune monitoring.
  • Analysis of biosensing technological advancements.

Main Results:

  • Microarray and microfluidic platforms show promise for precise antigen-specific T-cell detection.
  • These micro-technologies address limitations of assays measuring average immune responses.
  • Technological advancements are improving sensitivity and specificity in immune monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Micro-technologies offer a path towards more accurate T-cell immune status assessment.
  • Overcoming challenges in immune-sensor development is key for clinical application.
  • Future research should focus on refining these platforms for robust diagnostic tools.