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Mosaic Y Loss Is Moderately Associated with Solid Tumor Risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Oncology
  • Genomic Instability

Background:

  • Mosaic loss of the Y chromosome (mLOY) in leukocytes increases with age.
  • mLOY may indicate poor genomic maintenance and immune function imbalances.
  • mLOY is a potential candidate marker for cancer risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between mLOY and incident solid tumors in a large cohort of men.
  • To determine if mLOY is a predictive marker for overall cancer incidence and specific cancer types.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized UK Biobank data from 207,603 cancer-free men.
  • Identified mLOY by analyzing genotyping array log R intensity ratios in the Y chromosome region.
  • Followed participants for incident solid tumor development.

Main Results:

  • Detected mLOY in 1.6% (low proportion) and 0.3% (high proportion) of men.
  • Found a modest association between mLOY and overall solid tumor incidence (HRlow=1.18, HRhigh=1.36).
  • Observed a significant association with lung cancer incidence, especially in men with high mLOY (HRhigh=2.25).

Conclusions:

  • mLOY is moderately associated with an increased incidence of select solid tumors.
  • Smoking is a significant confounder, influencing the observed associations.
  • mLOY's role as a mediator of smoking's effect on cancer risk is unlikely.