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Correlation Between Lower Third Molar Impaction Types and Mandibular Angle and Condylar Fractures: A Retrospective
Sahand Samieirad1, Majid Eshghpour2, Ramina Dashti3
1Assistant Professor, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Summary
Impacted mandibular third molars (M3s) are linked to a higher risk of angle fractures but a lower risk of condylar fractures. Superficial impactions correlate with angle fractures.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Dental Traumatology
- Orthodontics
Background:
- Mandibular third molar (M3) impaction is a common dental issue.
- Fractures of the mandible, particularly the angle and condyle, are significant injuries.
- The relationship between M3 impaction and these fractures requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between mandibular third molar (M3) impaction types and the occurrence of mandibular angle and condylar fractures.
- To determine if specific M3 impaction patterns increase the risk of certain mandibular fracture locations.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 117 patients with mandibular angle or condylar fractures was performed.
- Data on M3 impaction (position and angulation using Pell-Gregory and Schiller classifications) and fracture types were collected from hospital records and radiographs.
- Statistical analysis, including chi-squared and Fisher exact tests, was used to assess correlations.
Main Results:
- 88.9% of angle fractures and 59.5% of condylar fractures had associated M3 impactions.
- Mesioangular and vertical impactions were most common with angle fractures.
- A significant association was found between fracture site and M3 impaction presence (P < .001) and horizontal impaction type (P = .001).
Conclusions:
- Impacted M3s are a significant risk factor for mandibular angle fractures.
- The presence of impacted M3s appears to reduce the likelihood of condylar fractures.
- Superficial M3 impactions are more frequently associated with mandibular angle fractures than deep impactions.
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