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1Service de pneumologie pédiatrique, centre de référence des maladies respiratoires rares de l'enfant, centre de ressources et de compétences pour la mucoviscidose, hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, Paris, France.
Insights
Infant bronchiolitis with recurrent wheezing increases the risk of persistent asthma. Host and environmental factors interact, potentially leading to long-term lung disease.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric respiratory medicine
- Immunology
- Pulmonology
Context:
- Infant bronchiolitis is a common viral respiratory infection in early childhood.
- Recurrent wheezing episodes in infancy are associated with later respiratory conditions.
- Understanding the factors contributing to persistent asthma is crucial for early intervention.
Purpose:
- To investigate the link between infant bronchiolitis and the development of persistent asthma.
- To identify host and environmental risk factors for recurrent wheezing and asthma persistence.
- To explore the long-term respiratory implications of early-life wheezing.
Summary:
- Recurrent wheezing in early childhood following infant bronchiolitis is a significant risk factor for persistent asthma.
- Host constitutional factors influence initial wheezing episodes and their persistence, impacting prenatal airway development.
- Postnatal inflammatory and environmental factors interact with host factors, altering airway caliber and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, creating a cycle of symptoms and lung alterations.
- This persistent cycle may predispose individuals to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease later in life.
Impact:
- Provides insights into the developmental trajectory of asthma from infancy.
- Highlights the importance of early identification and management of wheezing disorders.
- Suggests potential long-term health consequences, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphasizing the need for preventative strategies.
Abstract:
Risk of persistent asthma following infant bronchiolitis. Repetition of wheezing episodes during early childhood is a risk factor of persistent asthma during childhood, adolescence and young adulthood. Host constitutional factors contribute both to the occurrence of the first wheezing episodes and of their persistence. These factors play a particularly important role in prenatal airway growth. Postnatal factors, inflammatory or environmental, interact with these constitutional factors to modulate the airway caliber and the level of bronchial hyperresponsiveness. A vicious circle is created between persistent symptoms and lung functional alterations that may predispose in the long term to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.