[Managing the atherosclerotic arterial disease]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Vascular Medicine
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Atherosclerotic arterial disease, specifically peripheral arterial disease (PAD), poses a significant cardiovascular mortality risk.
• Ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a key diagnostic marker for PAD and a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the diagnostic and management strategies for atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease.
• To emphasize the importance of risk factor modification and timely intervention for limb salvage.

Main Methods:

• Diagnosis involves measuring the ankle-brachial index (ABI) and performing arterial Doppler ultrasound for lesion assessment.
• Management strategies include risk factor control (antiplatelets, statins, RAS inhibitors) and supervised walking training.

Main Results:

• ABI is a powerful marker of cardiovascular mortality.
• Supervised walking training improves functional disability in intermittent claudication.
• Systematic revascularization is crucial for critical limb ischemia to prevent amputation.

Conclusions:

• Effective PAD management requires a multi-faceted approach combining medical therapy, rehabilitation, and revascularization when indicated.
• Early detection and risk factor management are paramount in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with PAD.