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Birth of evidence-based medicine
1Faculté de médecine Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
Abstract:
Birth of evidence-based medicine. A new way of thinking came out from North American medicine in the 90's, well summarized by Gordon Guyatt in the JAMA paper "Evidence-based medicine: a new way of teaching medicine". European and French medicines, in the past, were the most influential through the discussion around vaccines of Bernoulli and d'Alembert, the introduction of statistics by Laplace, the objective analysis of therapeutic results by Pierre-Alexandre Louis, and the "experimental " method of Claude Bernard. Koch's postulates and causality criteria of Bradford Hill were also major contributions to make medicine more rational. The critical assessment of the scientific literature (and why not of literature and art?) was promoted at the right time, when exploded the number of articles of unequal quality, and the promotion of practices based on tradition, authoritarianism, and patho physiological hypothesis. This paper provides an analysis of this major change in medical reasoning, and its necessary integration within a new world of accelerated and disputable communication.
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