[Skin and pregnancy].

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Obstetrics
• Immunology

Background:

• Skin changes during pregnancy are frequent and varied.
• Physiological alterations such as hyperpigmentation, vascular changes, and striae distensae are most common.
• Postpartum regression is typical, though sometimes incomplete, with treatment reserved for persistent cases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review common and specific skin manifestations during pregnancy.
• To highlight diagnostic criteria for specific dermatoses of pregnancy.
• To outline management considerations for pregnancy-related skin conditions.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of physiological and pathological skin changes in pregnancy.
• Discussion of diagnostic approaches for specific dermatoses.
• Overview of management strategies, including biopsy and serological tests.

Main Results:

• Physiological changes include hyperpigmentation, vascular signs, and striae distensae.
• Specific dermatoses of pregnancy include polymorphic eruptions, atopic eczema, intrahepatic cholestasis, and pemphigoid gestationis.
• Distinguishing between conditions like pemphigoid gestationis and intrahepatic cholestasis is crucial, requiring skin biopsy or serum bile salt testing.

Conclusions:

• Skin conditions during pregnancy range from common physiological changes to specific dermatoses.
• Accurate diagnosis, particularly for autoimmune or cholestatic conditions, is essential.
• Management strategies should prioritize maternal and fetal safety, with interventions often deferred until after delivery or lactation.