Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Fixed Action Patterns01:06

Fixed Action Patterns

17.6K
A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
17.6K
Acid Attack on Concrete01:21

Acid Attack on Concrete

756
When acids come into contact with concrete, they initiate a chemical reaction that dissolves the hydrated cement paste. This process leads to softening and structural weakening of the concrete. This issue is commonly observed in environments such as chimneys, sewers, and industrial settings. The severity of the damage increases as the pH of the water interacting with the concrete drops below 6.5. In particular, a pH under 4.5 can cause significant concrete damage.
The rate at which hydrogen...
756
Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

218.6K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
218.6K
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

488
Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
488
Sulfate Attack on Concrete01:29

Sulfate Attack on Concrete

740
Sulfate attack on concrete is a deterioration process characterized by a whitish discoloration beginning at the edges and corners, accompanied by cracking and spalling. This phenomenon occurs when sulfates react with the components of hardened concrete, forming compounds like calcium sulfate and calcium sulfoaluminate which occupy more space than the substances they replace, causing the concrete to expand and disrupt.
Sulfates from sources like soil, groundwater, or industrial effluents...
740
Introduction to z Scores01:06

Introduction to z Scores

11.2K
A z score (or standardized value) is measured in units of the standard deviation. It tells you how many standard deviations the value x is above (to the right of) or below (to the left of) the mean, μ. Values of x that are larger than the mean have positive z scores, and values of x that are smaller than the mean have negative z scores. If x equals the mean, then x has a zero z score. It is important to note that the mean of the z scores is zero, and the standard deviation is one.
z scores...
11.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of overexpression of cytosolic isoform of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase on soybean nodulation and nodule metabolome.

Scientific reports·2018
Same author

Heavy metal contents and enrichment characteristics of dominant plants in wasteland of the downstream of a lead-zinc mining area in Guangxi, Southwest China.

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety·2018
Same author

Quantitative Monitoring and Visualization of Hydrogen Sulfide In Vivo Using a Luminescent Probe Based on a Ruthenium(II) Complex.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2018
Same author

Accurate virial coefficients of gaseous krypton from state-of-the-art ab initio potential and polarizability of the krypton dimer.

The Journal of chemical physics·2018
Same author

Reversible colour change in leaves enhances pollinator attraction and reproductive success in Saururus chinensis (Saururaceae).

Annals of botany·2018
Same author

Downregulation of microRNA-9 increases matrix metalloproteinase-13 expression levels and facilitates osteoarthritis onset.

Molecular medicine reports·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

The Mouse Stroke Unit Protocol with Standardized Neurological Scoring for Translational Mouse Stroke Studies
10:45

The Mouse Stroke Unit Protocol with Standardized Neurological Scoring for Translational Mouse Stroke Studies

Published on: February 7, 2025

1.6K

Combining Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Patterns with ABCD2 Score Predicts Stroke Risk after Transient Ischemic Attack.

Lulu Pei1, Bo Song1, Hui Fang1

  • 1Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.

Current Neurovascular Research
|December 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple acute infarctions on Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) significantly increase stroke risk after Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA). Combining DWI patterns with the ABCD2 score improves prediction of early stroke risk.

Keywords:
ABCD2 scoreDiffusion-weighted Imaging (DWI)Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)multiple infarctionsprognosisstroke.

More Related Videos

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
17:06

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

27.0K
Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats
07:56

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats

Published on: April 21, 2017

11.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

The Mouse Stroke Unit Protocol with Standardized Neurological Scoring for Translational Mouse Stroke Studies
10:45

The Mouse Stroke Unit Protocol with Standardized Neurological Scoring for Translational Mouse Stroke Studies

Published on: February 7, 2025

1.6K
Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
17:06

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

27.0K
Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats
07:56

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats

Published on: April 21, 2017

11.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Multiple acute infarctions detected by Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) are linked to increased stroke risk.
  • Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) prognosis requires accurate risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between infarction patterns on DWI and the ABCD2 score with 90-day ischemic stroke prognosis in TIA patients.
  • To determine if combining DWI patterns and ABCD2 score enhances stroke prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective analysis of a TIA patient database.
  • Cox proportional hazards models and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess predictive values.
  • Area Under the Curve (AUC) was computed to compare model discrimination.

Main Results:

  • Single and multiple acute infarctions on DWI were significant predictors of stroke (HR=2.942 and HR=5.552, respectively).
  • Patients with multiple infarctions and an ABCD2 score ≥4 had a 15.5-fold increased risk of stroke within 90 days.
  • The combined ABCD2 + DWI patterns demonstrated superior predictive discrimination (AUC=0.765) compared to the ABCD2 score alone (AUC=0.651) or ABCD3-I score (AUC=0.724).

Conclusions:

  • Infarction patterns on DWI are independent predictors of stroke risk following TIA.
  • Combining DWI infarction patterns with the ABCD2 score significantly improves the prediction of early stroke risk in TIA patients.
  • This combined approach offers enhanced prognostic value for TIA patients.