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Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro
Published on: July 5, 2017
Valorisation of baobab (Adansonia digitata) seeds by ultrasound assisted extraction of polyphenolics. Optimisation
Balarabe B Ismail1, Mingming Guo2, Yunfeng Pu2
1College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bayero University, Kano, PMB 3011 Kano, Nigeria.
Abstract:
In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of phenolic compounds in baobab (Adansonia digitata) seeds was optimised using RSM. Based on the single factor experiment results, the effect of four parameters, extraction time (10-20 min), temperature (40-60 °C), % amplitude (30-50) and solvent to solid ratio (20-30, mL/g) on Total Flavonoids Content (TFC) were investigated and optimised using a central composite design (CCD). The predicted optimal conditions with the highest desirably (0.874) were: 20 min, 30% amplitude, 60 °C temperature and 30 mL/g solvent to solid ratio. Under these conditions, the experimental TFC value (1633.84 ± 10.75 mg RE/100 g DW) was highly correlated with the predicted value (1631.77 mg RE/100 g DW). Moreover, a comparative study confirmed that the recovery of TFC, TPC and antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) was significantly higher in UAE than maceration and Heat Assisted Extraction (HAE) extraction methods in addition to a shorter extraction time. HPLC analysis of the UAE optimised sample extract revealed the presence of 10 phenolic compounds with the highest concentration of D-(+) catechin (87.18 ± 14.57 µg/g). This study is the first attempt to optimise UAE parameters for the extraction of phenolic compounds in baobab seeds.
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