A Comparative Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial With Language Training in People With Mild Cognitive...

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Cognitive Psychology
• Gerontology

Background:

• Cognitive training is a recognized intervention for individuals experiencing mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
• The optimal delivery format for cognitive training in MCI populations remains underexplored, necessitating comparative studies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate and compare the efficacy of language-based cognitive training delivered through three distinct formats: computer-based, paper/pencil, and oral instruction.
• To determine if any specific format offers superior benefits for individuals with mild cognitive impairment.

Main Methods:

• Seventy-one participants diagnosed with MCI were randomized into three experimental training groups and two control groups.
• Experimental groups underwent 48 language training sessions over a six-month period, while control groups received either unstructured sessions or were placed on a waiting list.
• Cognitive abilities and daily functioning were assessed using mixed-measures analysis of variance at the study's conclusion.

Main Results:

• Participants in all three experimental training groups demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive abilities compared to control groups.
• Following the six-month intervention, individuals in the computer, paper/pencil, and oral training groups showed enhancements in cognitive function and daily living skills.
• Control groups maintained their baseline cognitive performance and functional status throughout the study period.

Conclusions:

• All three investigated methods of cognitive language training—computer-based, paper/pencil, and oral—yielded comparable and significant positive outcomes for individuals with MCI.
• The findings suggest that the mode of delivery does not influence the effectiveness of cognitive language training for improving cognitive abilities and daily function in MCI.