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[Perineural cysts].
Piotr Kozłowski1, Paweł Kalinowski2, Małgorzata Jankiewicz3
1St Johns' Cancer Center in Lublin; Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin.
Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski : Organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego
|December 12, 2018
Summary
Perineural cysts, also known as Tarlov cysts, are fluid-filled sacs near spinal nerves. While often asymptomatic, they can cause pain and require treatment in about a quarter of cases.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pathology
Background:
- Perineural cysts (Tarlov cysts) are fluid-filled sacs originating from the nerve root sheath.
- Their reported incidence ranges from 1.5% to 13.2%, with a higher prevalence in women.
- Etiologies include ischemia, hemorrhage, inflammation, and trauma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the characteristics, prevalence, and clinical significance of perineural cysts.
- To outline the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for symptomatic perineural cysts.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on perineural cyst (Tarlov cyst) prevalence and symptomatology.
- Analysis of cyst wall composition and potential etiological factors.
- Evaluation of conservative and surgical treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Perineural cysts are typically asymptomatic and discovered incidentally.
- Approximately 25% of cases become symptomatic due to nerve compression, leading to pain.
- Treatment options include conservative management (analgesics, rehabilitation, cyst puncture) and surgery (laminectomy).
Conclusions:
- Perineural cysts are relatively common lesions with diverse etiologies.
- Symptomatic cysts necessitate medical or surgical intervention.
- Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
