On the Mesoscale Solubility in Liquid Solutions and Mixtures

Area of Science:

• Physical Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Traditional "like dissolves like" theory explains molecular solvation.
• A mesoscale solubility phenomenon, operating at the nanoscale, has been overlooked.
• This process facilitates the homogeneous distribution of dissimilar compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

• To reveal the physical mechanism of mesoscale solubilization.
• To demonstrate the ubiquitous nature of mesoscale solubility in various systems.
• To identify key parameters governing mesoscale solubilization.

Main Methods:

• Characterization of mesoscale structures using scattering techniques.
• Ultramicroscopic visualization for sizing and counting nanoprecipitates.
• Analysis of systems including aqueous and nonaqueous solvents.

Main Results:

• Mesoscale solubilization occurs spontaneously via nucleation and aggregation.
• Nanoprecipitates develop significant surface zeta potentials, ensuring long-term stability.
• The phenomenon is observed in both aqueous and nonaqueous systems, with key parameters identified.

Conclusions:

• Mesoscale solubility is a fundamental, widespread phenomenon distinct from molecular solvation.
• The mechanism involves nanoparticle formation, stabilization via zeta potential, and occurs across diverse solvent types.
• Understanding mesoscale solubility opens new avenues for controlling substance miscibility.