Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reliability and Validity01:29

Reliability and Validity

13.9K
Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
13.9K
Decreasing Function01:27

Decreasing Function

290
A decreasing function describes a relationship where the output consistently declines as the input increases. This means that for any two input values, if one is greater than the other, the corresponding output is smaller. Mathematically, a function f is decreasing on an interval I if for every x1 < x2​ in I, f (x1) > f (x2). This type of behavior is visually identified on a graph that slopes downward from left to right.The nature of a function can be analyzed by calculating...
290
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

14.9K
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
14.9K
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

3.7K
3.7K
Uncertainty in Measurement: Accuracy and Precision03:37

Uncertainty in Measurement: Accuracy and Precision

101.1K
Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value. 
101.1K
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

1.1K
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Corrigendum to "Hyaluronic acid wreathed, trio-stimuli receptive and on-demand triggerable nanoconstruct for anchored combinatorial cancer therapy" [Carbohydrate Polymers 249 (2020) 116815].

Carbohydrate polymers·2025
Same author

Engineering of hybrid spheroids of mesenchymal stem cells and drug depots for immunomodulating effect in islet xenotransplantation.

Science advances·2022
Same author

Streamlined plug-in aerosol prototype for reconfigurable manufacture of nano-drug delivery systems.

Biomaterials·2022
Same author

Preparation and evaluation of dabrafenib-loaded, CD47-conjugated human serum albumin-based nanoconstructs for chemoimmunomodulation.

Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces·2021
Same author

Nanovaccines silencing IL-10 production at priming phase for boosting immune responses to melanoma.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society·2021
Same author

Combination chemotherapeutic and immune-therapeutic anticancer approach via anti-PD-L1 antibody conjugated albumin nanoparticles.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Visualization and Quantification of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissues in Mice using [18F]FDG Micro-PET/MR Imaging
08:31

Visualization and Quantification of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissues in Mice using [18F]FDG Micro-PET/MR Imaging

Published on: July 1, 2021

3.5K

Unsuspected reduced radiochemical purity of the 18F-FDG may decrease image resolution, SUV reliability and diagnostic

Ssang Tae Kim1, Chul Soon Yong, Eun Ok Han

  • 1Cyclotron Center Department of Nuclear Medicine, CareCamp Inc, Daegu 42415, Korea. haneunok@gmail.com.

Hellenic Journal of Nuclear Medicine
|December 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Maintaining high radiochemical purity of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) is crucial. Adding 0.1% ethanol (EtOH) to 18F-FDG stabilizes purity, even at high concentrations, ensuring diagnostic accuracy.

More Related Videos

Optimization of Radiochemical Reactions using Droplet Arrays
10:54

Optimization of Radiochemical Reactions using Droplet Arrays

Published on: February 12, 2021

3.9K
Semi-quantitative Assessment Using [18F]FDG Tracer in Patients with Severe Brain Injury
09:58

Semi-quantitative Assessment Using [18F]FDG Tracer in Patients with Severe Brain Injury

Published on: November 9, 2018

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Visualization and Quantification of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissues in Mice using [18F]FDG Micro-PET/MR Imaging
08:31

Visualization and Quantification of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissues in Mice using [18F]FDG Micro-PET/MR Imaging

Published on: July 1, 2021

3.5K
Optimization of Radiochemical Reactions using Droplet Arrays
10:54

Optimization of Radiochemical Reactions using Droplet Arrays

Published on: February 12, 2021

3.9K
Semi-quantitative Assessment Using [18F]FDG Tracer in Patients with Severe Brain Injury
09:58

Semi-quantitative Assessment Using [18F]FDG Tracer in Patients with Severe Brain Injury

Published on: November 9, 2018

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Radiochemistry
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Radiochemical purity of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) is critical for diagnostic accuracy in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging.
  • Maintaining purity above Korean Pharmacology (KP) and United States Pharmacopeia (USP) standards is essential for reliable clinical use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the optimal conditions for maintaining 18F-FDG radiochemical purity.
  • To ensure stability above KP and USP standards for 8 hours post-synthesis, even at high radioactive concentrations (>7.4 GBq/mL).

Main Methods:

  • Assessed radiochemical purity changes based on variations in radioactive concentration, ethanol (EtOH) concentration, water for dilution, storage temperature, and storage volume.
  • Investigated the impact of EtOH addition on 18F-FDG stability at high concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Lowering radioactive concentration during production (<7.4 GBq/mL) sufficiently maintained purity above KP/USP standards for 10 hours post-synthesis.
  • When concentrations exceeded 7.4 GBq/mL, adding EtOH was essential for maintaining purity.
  • Addition of 0.1% EtOH to 18F-FDG proved ideal for minimizing residual solvent and maintaining purity.

Conclusions:

  • High radiochemical purity of 18F-FDG enhances image quality, SUV reliability, and diagnostic accuracy.
  • 18F-FDG can be synthesized at high concentrations and large volumes, with a prolonged effective shelf-life.
  • Optimized synthesis conditions, including EtOH addition, improve the clinical utility of 18F-FDG.