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Related Concept Videos

Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Compact Bone01:27

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

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The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
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Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
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Inflammasomes in Bone Diseases.

Gabriel Mbalaviele1, Deborah J Veis2,3

  • 1Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. gmbalaviele@wustl.edu.

Experientia Supplementum (2012)
|December 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammasomes regulate innate immunity and impact bone health. Dysregulated inflammasomes contribute to bone diseases by affecting osteoclast activity and increasing bone loss, especially during sterile or non-sterile inflammation.

Keywords:
BoneDAMPsIL-1InfectionInflammasomeInflammationNLRP3OsteoclastPAMPsPARP1

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Bone Biology
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Unresolved inflammation damages tissues, particularly bone, due to its reliance on osteoclast activity.
  • Osteoclasts, derived from myeloid precursors, are crucial for bone resorption and are implicated in inflammatory bone diseases.
  • Increased osteolysis is a hallmark of inflammatory disorders, elevating fracture risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of bone diseases.
  • To explore how inflammasome dysregulation impacts myelopoiesis and osteoclast differentiation.
  • To discuss the contribution of inflammasomes to bone pathology in both sterile and non-sterile inflammatory conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on inflammasomes and bone biology.
  • Analysis of mechanisms linking inflammasome activation to osteoclastogenesis.
  • Synthesis of data on inflammasome involvement in various bone disease models.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulated inflammasomes disrupt normal myelopoiesis and lineage allocation.
  • Altered inflammasome activity directly impacts osteoclast function, leading to excessive bone resorption (osteolysis).
  • Inflammasomes are central mediators in bone damage associated with diverse inflammatory stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammasomes are key players in sterile and non-sterile inflammatory bone diseases.
  • Targeting inflammasome pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for bone disorders.
  • Understanding inflammasome function is crucial for protecting bone integrity during inflammation.