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A Brainstem Neural Substrate for Stopping Locomotion.

Swantje Grätsch1,2, François Auclair1, Olivier Demers3

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal H3C 3J7, Québec, Canada.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|December 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered that the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) not only initiates locomotion but also stops it. This involves MLR projections triggering a termination burst in reticulospinal stop cells, providing new insights into locomotion control.

Keywords:
brainstemlampreylocomotionlocomotor terminationmesencephalic locomotor regionreticulospinal neurons

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Reticulospinal System

Background:

  • Locomotion initiation is understood, but mechanisms for stopping movement are not.
  • Reticulospinal (RS) stop cells in lampreys are crucial for halting locomotion.
  • RS stop cells exhibit a termination burst linked to locomotion cessation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural mechanisms triggering the termination burst in RS stop cells.
  • To determine the role of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) in locomotion termination.

Main Methods:

  • Studied larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus).
  • Used MLR stimulation to elicit and stop locomotion.
  • Performed intracellular recordings of RS stop cells.
  • Investigated synaptic inputs from MLR to RS stop cells.

Main Results:

  • MLR stimulation stops ongoing locomotion by triggering the RS stop cell termination burst.
  • This effect occurs for MLR-induced, sensory-evoked, and spontaneous locomotion.
  • Glutamatergic, likely monosynaptic, projections from MLR activate RS stop cells.

Conclusions:

  • The MLR plays a dual role in initiating and terminating locomotion.
  • MLR activation controls locomotion cessation via RS stop cells.
  • Uncovered a novel neural mechanism for stopping locomotion.