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Microbiota in cancer development and treatment
Muhammad Hassan Raza1, Kamni Gul1, Abida Arshad2
1Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
|December 14, 2018
Summary
The human microbiota influences host health and cancer development. Understanding gut microbiota interactions is key to developing effective cancer therapies with fewer side effects.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Oncology
Background:
- The human body hosts a diverse microbiota, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, residing on epidermal and mucosal surfaces.
- This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in host health and survival by regulating systemic functions and modulating the immune system.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted role of microbiota in carcinogenesis.
- To elucidate the mechanisms by which microbiota mediate cancer development.
- To examine the influence of gut microbiota on the efficacy and side effects of cancer therapy.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science.
- Relevant studies were systematically reviewed to synthesize current knowledge on microbiota and cancer.
Main Results:
- Characterizing microbiome composition, particularly gut microbiota, is essential for understanding host-microbiota interactions.
- The potential for therapeutic exploitation of these interactions is crucial for advancing anticancer strategies.
- Insights into microbiota's role can lead to more effective cancer treatments with reduced off-target effects.
Conclusions:
- This review details the involvement of microbiota in the initiation and progression of cancer.
- Mechanisms of microbiota-mediated carcinogenesis are explored, highlighting pathways like bacterial dysbiosis and genotoxin production.
- The significant impact of gut microbiota on modulating host response to cancer therapy is discussed.
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