Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Transthoracic Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for the Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation

Transthoracic Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for the Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation

Published on: October 20, 2016

[Borderline left ventricular ejection fraction is associated with alterations in mitral annular size and function.

Zsolt Kovács¹, Árpád Kormányos², Péter Domsik²

¹Kardiológiai Osztály, Szent Rókus Kórház Baja.

|December 15, 2018

Insights

Borderline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is linked to mitral annulus (MA) enlargement and reduced function. Three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3DSTE) helps identify these changes in patients with subtle LV dysfunction.

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Echocardiography
Cardiac Mechanics

Background:

Mitral annulus (MA) morphology and function are altered in various valvular and non-valvular cardiac conditions.
These alterations can impact overall cardiac performance and disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between mitral annulus (MA) morphologic and functional characteristics and left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) using 3DSTE.
To differentiate between normal and borderline LV-EF in relation to MA properties.

Main Methods:

146 volunteers underwent comprehensive 2D Doppler echocardiography and 3DSTE.
Participants were categorized into two groups based on 3DSTE-derived LV-EF: borderline (50-54%) and normal (≥55%).

Main Results:

Subjects with borderline LV-EF exhibited increased LV end-systolic volumes and reduced LV longitudinal strain.
Mitral annulus (MA) dimensions (diameter, area, perimeter) were significantly larger in the borderline LV-EF group.
Mitral annulus (MA) functional parameters were diminished in individuals with borderline LV-EF.

Conclusions:

Borderline LV-EF, as assessed by 3DSTE, is associated with mitral annulus (MA) dilatation.
Impaired mitral annulus (MA) function is also observed in conjunction with borderline LV-EF.
These findings highlight the utility of 3DSTE in detecting subtle cardiac abnormalities.

Read full analysis

Abstract

Introduction:

Morphology and function of the mitral annulus (MA) shows alterations in different valvular (for instance in mitral regurgitation) and non-valvular disorders (for instance in certain cardiomyopathies, cardiac amyloidosis).

Aim:

The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between MA morphologic and functional properties and three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography- (3DSTE) derived left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) in subjects with normal versus borderline LV-EF.

Method:

The present study comprised 146 volunteers (mean age: 32.0 ± 11.4 years; 74 males) in whom complete two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography was performed with a negative result extended with 3DSTE. The population was further divided into two groups according to their 3DSTE-derived LV-EF (borderline 50-54% versus ≥55%).

Results:

In cases with borderline LV-EF, higher LV end-systolic LV volumes and lower LV longitudinal strain could be measured. All end-systolic and end-diastolic MA diameter, area and perimeter data proved to be higher in cases with borderline LV-EF. In these subjects, MA functional parameters proved to be lower as well. In contrast, LV-EF showed correlations neither with end-systolic and end-diastolic MA dimensions nor with MA functional parameters.

Conclusions:

3DSTE-derived borderline LV-EF is associated with MA dilatation and functional impairment. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(50): 2129-2135.

Keywords:

bal kamra ejection fraction ejekciós frakció háromdimenziós echokardiográfia left ventricle mitral annulus mitralis anulus speckle-tracking three-dimensional echocardiography

More Related Videos

Echocardiographic Characterization of Left Ventricular Structure, Function, and Coronary Flow in Neonate Mice

Echocardiographic Characterization of Left Ventricular Structure, Function, and Coronary Flow in Neonate Mice

Published on: April 7, 2022

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography

Published on: October 28, 2020

Related Concept Videos

Cell Size

Cell Size

Cell sizes vary widely among and within organisms. Bacterial cells range between 1-10 micrometers (μm)and are considerably smaller than most eukaryotic cells. The smallest bacteria are 0.1 μm in diameter—about a thousand times smaller than eukaryotic cells, which typically range from 10-100 μm.
Surface Area
Cells can take in nutrients and water via diffusion through the plasma membrane itself or through specific channels in the membrane. The area of the membrane surrounding...

Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...

Integration of Rational Functions Using Partial Fractions

Integration of Rational Functions Using Partial Fractions

Rational functions are expressions written as the ratio of two polynomials, and their integrals are evaluated by simplifying the integrand into manageable parts. These functions are classified as proper or improper based on the degrees of the numerator and denominator.A rational function is proper when the degree of the numerator is less than the degree of the denominator. In this case, partial fraction decomposition is used to rewrite the function as a sum of simpler rational terms. The...

Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients

Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients

Bioavailability studies are essential for evaluating a drug's therapeutic efficacy and understanding its absorption patterns under various physiological conditions. Conducting such studies on target patient populations provides more relevant data by simulating real-world disease states. However, practical challenges often necessitate the use of young, healthy adult volunteers as study subjects.Patients may exhibit altered drug absorption patterns due to the effects of the disease itself,...

Alterations in Respiration II

Alterations in Respiration II

There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes...

Altered States of Awareness

Altered States of Awareness

Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain...

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Left ventricular rotational characteristics in healthy mid-term pregnancy-insights from the three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR-Preg Study.

Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery·2026

Left ventricular deformation in chronic schizophrenia-a detailed analysis from the three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR-Path Study.

Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery·2026

Left Atrial Volumes and Strains in Healthy Mid-Term Pregnancy-A Detailed Investigation from a Three-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiographic MAGYAR-Preg Study.

Biomedicines·2026

Right Atrial Mechanics in Healthy Mid-Term Pregnancy-An Analysis from a Three-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiographic MAGYAR-Preg Study.

Biomedicines·2026

Volumetric and Functional Features of Left Atrium in Chronic Schizophrenia-Detailed Analysis from Three-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiographic MAGYAR-Path Study.

Biomedicines·2026

Characterisation of interrelations among myocardial work parameters in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: differences between non-obstructive and obstructive disease.

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine·2026

See all related articles