Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Equipotential Surfaces and Field Lines01:29

Equipotential Surfaces and Field Lines

5.0K
Electric potential can be pictorially represented as a three-dimensional surface. On such a surface, the electric potential is constant everywhere. The equipotential surface is always perpendicular to the electric field lines, and while it is three-dimensional, it can be treated as an equipotential line in a two-dimensional case. These equipotential lines are also always perpendicular to electric field lines. The term equipotential is often used as a noun, referring to an equipotential line or...
5.0K
Electric Field at the Surface of a Conductor01:26

Electric Field at the Surface of a Conductor

5.3K
Consider a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium. The net electric field inside a conductor vanishes, and extra charges on the conductor reside on its outer surface, regardless of where they originate.
In the 19th century, Michael Faraday conducted the famous ice pail experiment to prove that the charges always reside on the surface of a conductor. The experimental set-up consists of a conducting uncharged container mounted on an insulating stand. The outer surface of the container is...
5.3K
Vectors01:30

Vectors

480
Vectors are mathematical entities characterized by both magnitude and direction. Unlike scalars, which are defined solely by magnitude, vectors represent quantities like displacement, velocity, and force, where direction is essential. Vectors are graphically represented as directed line segments, extending from an initial point to a terminal point, denoted with bold letters or arrows placed above the symbol. Two vectors are deemed equal if they share identical magnitudes and directions,...
480
Acceleration Vectors01:30

Acceleration Vectors

22.6K
In everyday conversation, accelerating means speeding up. Acceleration is a vector in the same direction as the change in velocity, Δv, therefore the greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Since velocity is a vector, it can change in magnitude, direction, or both. Thus acceleration is a change in speed or direction, or both. For example, if a runner traveling at 10 km/h due east slows to a stop, reverses direction, and continues their run at 10 km/h...
22.6K
Vector Operations01:20

Vector Operations

2.3K
Vectors are physical quantities that have both magnitude and direction. The vector operations include addition, subtraction, and scalar multiplication.
A vector multiplied by a scalar value is called scalar multiplication. The result obtained is a new vector with a different magnitude. If the scalar is positive, the direction of the vector remains the same, but if it is negative, the direction of the vector is reversed. For example, the product of the mass and velocity yields the momentum.
2.3K
Force Vector along a Line01:26

Force Vector along a Line

1.1K
Quite often in three-dimensional statics problems, the direction of a force is specified by two points through which its line of action passes. Consider a three-dimensional static pole with a cable anchored to the ground.
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Machine Learning-Based Classification of Cervical Lymph Nodes in HNSCC: A Radiomics Approach with Feature Selection Optimization.

Cancers·2025
Same author

Automatic trajectory planning for stereotactic radiofrequency ablation in non-discrete search space.

International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery·2025
Same author

Radiomic Assessment of Radiation-Induced Alterations of Skeletal Muscle Composition in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma within the Currently Clinically Defined Optimal Time Window for Salvage Surgery-A Pilot Study.

Cancers·2023
Same author

Current Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Classify Cervical Lymph Nodes in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma-A Systematic Review.

Cancers·2022
Same author

Benchmarking Eliminative Radiomic Feature Selection for Head and Neck Lymph Node Classification.

Cancers·2022
Same author

Novel microscope-based visual display and nasopharyngeal registration for auditory brainstem implantation: a feasibility study in an ex vivo model.

International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

A Pipeline for 3D Multimodality Image Integration and Computer-assisted Planning in Epilepsy Surgery
09:41

A Pipeline for 3D Multimodality Image Integration and Computer-assisted Planning in Epilepsy Surgery

Published on: May 20, 2016

12.7K

Vector field analysis for surface registration in computer-assisted ENT surgery.

Georgi Diakov1, Wolfgang Freysinger1

  • 1Department of Oto-, Rhino-, Laryngology, 4D-Visualization Laboratory, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.

The International Journal of Medical Robotics + Computer Assisted Surgery : MRCAS
|December 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel algorithm for surface registration in navigated ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgery, overcoming limitations of manual methods and local minima issues in automatic registration. The new approach achieves sub-millimetric accuracy, enhancing surgical precision.

More Related Videos

Four-Dimensional CT Analysis Using Sequential 3D-3D Registration
05:05

Four-Dimensional CT Analysis Using Sequential 3D-3D Registration

Published on: November 23, 2019

8.5K
Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia
05:39

Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia

Published on: May 26, 2023

2.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

A Pipeline for 3D Multimodality Image Integration and Computer-assisted Planning in Epilepsy Surgery
09:41

A Pipeline for 3D Multimodality Image Integration and Computer-assisted Planning in Epilepsy Surgery

Published on: May 20, 2016

12.7K
Four-Dimensional CT Analysis Using Sequential 3D-3D Registration
05:05

Four-Dimensional CT Analysis Using Sequential 3D-3D Registration

Published on: November 23, 2019

8.5K
Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia
05:39

Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia

Published on: May 26, 2023

2.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Medical Imaging
  • Computer-Aided Surgery

Background:

  • Manual paired-point registration in navigated ENT surgery is susceptible to human error.
  • Existing automatic surface registration methods can become trapped in local minima, reducing accuracy.
  • Accurate patient-to-image registration is critical for effective navigated surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel algorithm for automatic surface registration in navigated ENT surgery.
  • To overcome the limitations of manual registration and local minima issues in current automatic methods.
  • To improve the accuracy and reliability of surgical navigation systems.

Main Methods:

  • An algorithm integrating anatomical features of the human occiput for surface registration was developed.
  • A vector force field approach between patient and operating room datasets was employed.
  • Registration was optimized using gradient-based vector field analysis of an energy function, validated with ultrasound data.

Main Results:

  • The algorithm achieved successful registrations across the entire parameter space.
  • It effectively overcame local minima issues encountered by previous Gaussian fields algorithms.
  • Sub-millimetric registration errors were observed in clinically relevant anterior skull areas and within the 1.5 mm margin for the entire head.

Conclusions:

  • The developed surface registration method demonstrates satisfactory performance and accuracy.
  • The approach shows potential for wider clinical integration in navigated ENT surgery.
  • This technique offers a more reliable and precise alternative to existing registration methods.