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Cancer02:18

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
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Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
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Cancer Neoantigens.

Ton N Schumacher1,2, Wouter Scheper1,2, Pia Kvistborg1

  • 1Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; email: t.schumacher@nki.nl , p.kvistborg@nki.nl.

Annual Review of Immunology
|December 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer cells develop DNA damage, leading to neoantigens recognized by T cells. This immune response is crucial for cancer immunotherapies like checkpoint blockade and adoptive T cell therapy, driving tumor control.

Keywords:
T cellscancercheckpoint blockadeimmunotherapymutationsneoantigens

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Cancer Biology
  • Molecular Oncology
  • Genetics and Genomics

Background:

  • Malignant cellular transformation is linked to accumulating DNA damage.
  • The T cell immune system can recognize neoantigens arising from DNA damage.
  • Neoantigen recognition is a key factor in the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the significance of cancer neoantigens in tumor control.
  • To discuss the biological characteristics of cancer neoantigens.
  • To explore strategies for leveraging neoantigens in clinical cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature and evidence.
  • Discussion of recent technological advancements in neoantigen identification.
  • Analysis of T cell responses to patient-specific neoantigens.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports the critical role of cancer neoantigens in mediating tumor control.
  • Technological advances enable precise identification of neoantigens and cognate T cells in individual patients.
  • Understanding neoantigen properties is essential for developing effective immunotherapies.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer neoantigens are pivotal in the host immune response against tumors.
  • Targeting neoantigens holds significant promise for advancing cancer immunotherapy.
  • Future clinical interventions can be strategically designed to exploit cancer neoantigens.