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Cancer Neoantigens

Ton N Schumacher1,2, Wouter Scheper1,2, Pia Kvistborg1

  • 1Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; email: t.schumacher@nki.nl , p.kvistborg@nki.nl.

Annual Review of Immunology
|December 15, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Cancer cells develop DNA damage, leading to neoantigens recognized by T cells. This immune response is crucial for cancer immunotherapies like checkpoint blockade and adoptive T cell therapy, driving tumor control.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Cancer Biology
  • Molecular Oncology
  • Genetics and Genomics

Background:

  • Malignant cellular transformation is linked to accumulating DNA damage.
  • The T cell immune system can recognize neoantigens arising from DNA damage.
  • Neoantigen recognition is a key factor in the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the significance of cancer neoantigens in tumor control.
  • To discuss the biological characteristics of cancer neoantigens.
  • To explore strategies for leveraging neoantigens in clinical cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature and evidence.
  • Discussion of recent technological advancements in neoantigen identification.
  • Analysis of T cell responses to patient-specific neoantigens.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports the critical role of cancer neoantigens in mediating tumor control.
  • Technological advances enable precise identification of neoantigens and cognate T cells in individual patients.
  • Understanding neoantigen properties is essential for developing effective immunotherapies.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer neoantigens are pivotal in the host immune response against tumors.
  • Targeting neoantigens holds significant promise for advancing cancer immunotherapy.
  • Future clinical interventions can be strategically designed to exploit cancer neoantigens.
Keywords:
T cellscancercheckpoint blockadeimmunotherapymutationsneoantigens

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