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Related Experiment Videos

Structure, function, and genetics of streptococcal M protein.

V A Fischetti1, K F Jones, S K Hollingshead

  • 1Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021.

Reviews of Infectious Diseases
|July 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Streptococcal M protein

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Streptococcal M protein is a key virulence factor.
  • It forms a coiled-coil fibrillar structure on the bacterial cell surface.
  • Its C-terminal region anchors to the cell wall and shares similarities with other Gram-positive surface proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural and genetic basis of Streptococcal M protein variation.
  • To understand the role of tandem repeats and homologous recombination in M protein size and antigenic variation.

Main Methods:

  • DNA sequencing of the M6 protein gene.
  • Analysis of M protein size mutants.
  • Monoclonal antibody studies to assess protein conservation and variation.

Main Results:

  • The C-terminal half of M protein is conserved, while the N-terminal half varies among serotypes.
  • Tandem repeats within the M protein gene are linked to size variation.
  • Homologous recombination appears to drive both size and antigenic variation of M protein.

Conclusions:

  • Homologous recombination involving tandem repeats is a primary mechanism for Streptococcal M protein size and antigenic variation.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing effective vaccines and treatments against streptococcal infections.

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