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Sleep apnea and hypothyroidism.

W M Kittle1, B A Chaudhary

  • 1Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2623.

Southern Medical Journal
|November 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Thyroid deficiency, including hypothyroidism, is a recognized cause of sleep apnea syndrome. Thyroid hormone replacement effectively treats sleep apnea by improving breathing and sleep patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Thyroid deficiency states, ranging from mild hypothyroidism to severe myxedema, are increasingly recognized as a cause of sleep apnea syndrome.
  • This condition is associated with both obstructive and central sleep apnea, potentially involving factors like upper airway obstruction, obesity, and altered ventilatory drive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the link between thyroid deficiency and sleep apnea syndrome.
  • To emphasize the role of thyroid hormone replacement therapy in managing sleep apnea.
  • To suggest evaluating thyroid function in all sleep apnea patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on thyroid deficiency and sleep apnea.
  • Clinical observation of patients with hypothyroidism and sleep apnea syndrome.

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  • Assessment of the impact of thyroid hormone replacement therapy on sleep apnea parameters.

    • Main Results:

    • Thyroid hormone replacement therapy is the definitive treatment for sleep apnea associated with thyroid deficiency.
    • Treatment leads to diminished or eliminated apneic episodes and improved oxygen saturation.
    • Significant improvements in sleep patterns and overall sleep efficiency are observed with thyroid hormone replacement.

    Conclusions:

    • Thyroid deficiency is a significant, treatable cause of sleep apnea syndrome.
    • Evaluating thyroid function in all sleep apnea patients is recommended.
    • Thyroid hormone replacement is a logical and effective treatment for sleep apnea in patients with hypothyroidism, including subclinical cases.