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Comparison of antibiotic activities by using serum bactericidal activity over time
1Division of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
|October 1, 1988
Summary
Ceftizoxime demonstrated greater serum activity against common intra-abdominal infection pathogens than cefoxitin. This suggests ceftizoxime may be a more potent antimicrobial agent, potentially allowing for lower daily dosages compared to cefoxitin.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Determining equivalent dosage regimens for antimicrobial agents with similar spectra of activity is challenging.
- In vitro potency and pharmacokinetic disposition influence standard dosing.
- Serum bactericidal activity over time can help define comparative antimicrobial potency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the in vivo serum activity of cefoxitin and ceftizoxime against key pathogens.
- To provide data that may assist in defining equivalent dosing for these two cephalosporins.
Main Methods:
- A randomized, crossover study was conducted in six healthy volunteers.
- Volunteers received single 30-mg/kg doses of cefoxitin and ceftizoxime.
- Serum bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis was assessed over time.
Main Results:
- Ceftizoxime exhibited greater serum activity against Escherichia coli compared to cefoxitin.
- Ceftizoxime also showed superior serum activity against Bacteroides fragilis than cefoxitin.
- These findings indicate a potential difference in potency between the two agents.
Conclusions:
- Ceftizoxime appears to be a more potent antimicrobial agent than cefoxitin in vivo.
- The results suggest that ceftizoxime could potentially be administered in a lower daily dosage than cefoxitin.
- This study serves as a prototype for assessing equivalent dosing of antibiotics with similar activity spectra.