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Chromatographic Purification of Highly Active Yeast Ribosomes
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Eukaryotic Ribosome Assembly.

Jochen Baßler1, Ed Hurt1

  • 1Biochemistry Center, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; email: jochen.bassler@bzh.uni-heidelberg.de , ed.hurt@bzh.uni-heidelberg.de.

Annual Review of Biochemistry
|December 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular protein factories, ribosomes, assemble through a complex process called ribosome biogenesis. Recent cryo-electron microscopy reveals the dynamic pathway of nascent ribosome maturation, crucial for understanding cellular function and disease.

Keywords:
cancer targetcryo–electron microscopyin vitro reconstitutionnucleolar stress responserRNA processingribosome assemblyribosome biogenesisribosomopathies

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Ribosomes synthesize cellular proteins, comprising ribosomal RNA and proteins that assemble hierarchically during ribosome biogenesis.
  • Historically, biochemical and molecular biology methods elucidated preribosomal particle formation and maturation from the nucleolus to the cytoplasm.
  • Recent advancements in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) have enabled pseudoatomic structural determination of various preribosomal particles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the dynamic stepwise pathway of nascent ribosome maturation using structural and biochemical data.
  • To understand the role of assembly factors and small nucleolar RNAs in guiding preribosome assembly.
  • To connect ribosome biogenesis to broader cellular pathways and human diseases like cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) for pseudoatomic structure determination of preribosomal particles.
  • In vitro maturation assays to study ribosome assembly dynamics.
  • Biochemical and molecular biology techniques for analyzing ribosome biogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Pseudoatomic structures of key preribosomal intermediates have been obtained, revealing structural details of the assembly process.
  • The stepwise progression of nascent ribosomes along a dynamic biogenesis pathway has been characterized.
  • The involvement of numerous assembly factors and small nucleolar RNAs in guiding ribosome maturation has been highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • Ribosome biogenesis is a complex, stepwise process involving dynamic structural transitions of preribosomal particles.
  • Understanding ribosome assembly is critical for comprehending cellular homeostasis and the pathogenesis of diseases linked to ribosome dysfunction.
  • Cryo-EM has revolutionized the study of macromolecular machines like the ribosome, providing unprecedented structural insights into their biogenesis.