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Ascorbic acid improves parthenogenetic embryo development through TET proteins in mice.

Wei Gao1, Xianfeng Yu1, Jindong Hao1

  • 1Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.

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|December 21, 2018
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Summary

Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) boosts TET protein expression and blastocyst rates in parthenogenetic embryos, while DMOG inhibits them. TET proteins, crucial for embryonic development, mediate these effects via 5hmC.

Keywords:
5hmCAscorbic acidDMOGParthenogenetic embryoTET proteins

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics and Developmental Biology
  • Mammalian Embryology

Background:

  • Ten-Eleven Translocation (TET) proteins are critical for embryonic development by catalyzing DNA demethylation.
  • Parthenogenetic (PA) embryos exhibit developmental challenges potentially linked to altered TET protein function.
  • Ascorbic acid (Vc) and dimethyloxallyl glycine (DMOG) are known modulators of TET protein expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of TET1, TET2, and TET3 in parthenogenetic embryonic development.
  • To determine the effects of Vc and DMOG on TET protein expression and function in PA embryos.
  • To elucidate the involvement of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in Vc- and DMOG-mediated developmental outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Parthenogenetic embryos were treated with Vc or DMOG during early development.
  • Blastocyst rates were assessed to evaluate developmental progression.
  • Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were used to measure TET protein expression.
  • 5hmC levels were analyzed in response to treatments.

Main Results:

  • Vc treatment significantly increased the blastocyst rate in PA embryos.
  • DMOG treatment significantly reduced the blastocyst rate in PA embryos.
  • Vc upregulated TET1, TET2, and TET3 expression, while DMOG downregulated them in PA embryos.
  • Vc increased 5hmC levels, whereas DMOG suppressed them in PA embryos.

Conclusions:

  • TET protein expression, modulated by Vc and DMOG, is crucial for successful parthenogenetic embryonic development.
  • The observed effects of Vc and DMOG are mediated through alterations in TET protein levels and subsequent 5hmC production.
  • Targeting TET proteins and 5hmC represents a potential strategy for improving PA embryo development.