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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

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Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...
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Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization01:24

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Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...
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Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

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Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
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Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management01:26

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Nursing responsibilities before cardiac catheterization include:Assess for allergies and establish baseline health status.Before cardiac catheterization, assess the patient for allergies to contrast dye. Perform a comprehensive baseline assessment, including vital signs, heart and breath sounds, and a neurovascular assessment of the extremities, noting distal pulses, skin color, and temperature. Instruct the patient to fast for 8-12 hours before the procedure. Evaluate baseline laboratory...
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Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Cardiac Stress Test Induced by Dobutamine and Monitored by Cardiac Catheterization in Mice
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Genomic Risk Stratification Predicts All-Cause Mortality After Cardiac Catheterization.

Michael G Levin1, Rachel L Kember2, Renae Judy3

  • 1Department of Medicine (M.G.L., D.B., H.W., Z.A, J.G., M.G., T.C., ), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Circulation. Genomic and Precision Medicine
|December 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A genome-wide polygenic risk score (PRS) for coronary artery disease (CAD) predicts all-cause mortality. This genetic risk assessment is valuable even for individuals without diagnosed CAD.

Keywords:
cardiac catheterizationcoronary angiographycoronary artery diseasehuman geneticsmyocardial infarctionrisk

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Genomic Risk Prediction
  • Public Health Genomics

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is influenced by genetic factors and traditional risk factors.
  • Polygenic risk scores (PRS) can identify individuals at elevated risk for CAD before traditional risk factors develop.
  • Genome-wide PRS for CAD has shown potential in predicting mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if a genome-wide PRS for CAD can predict all-cause mortality.
  • To determine if PRS adds predictive value beyond traditional risk factors and angiographic CAD.
  • To assess the mortality risk associated with high PRS in individuals with and without angiographic CAD.

Main Methods:

  • A genome-wide PRS was calculated for 1503 participants undergoing coronary angiography.
  • Participants were categorized into high PRS (hiPRS) and low-PRS groups.
  • All-cause mortality after the index coronary angiogram was the primary outcome, with adjustments for traditional risk factors and CAD severity.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with hiPRS had a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.6; P=0.004) after adjusting for traditional risk factors and angiographic CAD.
  • The risk of all-cause mortality was highest in individuals with hiPRS but without angiographic CAD (HR, 2.4; P=0.04).
  • Adding hiPRS to traditional risk assessment improved the prediction of 5-year all-cause mortality (AUC 0.70 vs 0.66; P=0.001).

Conclusions:

  • A genome-wide PRS enhances risk stratification for all-cause mortality when combined with traditional risk factors and coronary angiography findings.
  • Individuals without angiographic CAD but with a high PRS face a significantly elevated risk of mortality.
  • PRS offers valuable prognostic information for cardiovascular risk assessment.