Exercise intensity affects acute neurotrophic and neurophysiological responses poststroke
Pierce Boyne1, Colleen Meyrose1, Jennifer Westover1
1Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|December 21, 2018
Summary
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) on a treadmill effectively primes the brain for stroke rehabilitation by increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and corticospinal excitability. Vigorous exercise intensity is key for these neuroplastic effects.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Exercise Physiology
- Rehabilitation Science
Background:
- Aerobic exercise may enhance neurologic recovery post-stroke by
- priming
- the brain for rehabilitation.
- Mechanisms include increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), corticospinal excitability, and reduced intracortical inhibition.
- Optimal exercise parameters for these effects remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of exercise intensity and type on acute BDNF and neurophysiological responses in individuals post-stroke.
- To determine if high-intensity interval training (HIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MCT) elicits greater neuroplastic priming effects.
Main Methods:
- Sixteen ambulatory individuals >6 months post-stroke participated.
- Three 20-minute exercise protocols were administered in random order: HIT-treadmill, HIT-stepper, and MCT-treadmill.
- Serum BDNF and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) assessed corticospinal excitability and inhibition.
Main Results:
- HIT-treadmill significantly increased BDNF and corticospinal excitability compared to MCT-treadmill.
- HIT-stepper showed initial BDNF increases but results were less significant due to intensity adjustments.
- Lactate accumulation correlated with BDNF response; interval training enhanced corticospinal excitability.
Conclusions:
- Treadmill-based HIT effectively primes the brain for stroke rehabilitation by increasing BDNF and corticospinal excitability.
- Vigorous aerobic intensity, sufficient for lactate production, is crucial for BDNF elevation.
- Interval training may specifically enhance corticospinal excitability in the paretic limb.
Keywords:
aerobic exercisebrain-derived neurotrophic factorhigh-intensity interval traininglocomotiontranscranial magnetic stimulationMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
4.5K
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
4.5K
00:58Sound Intensity
4.8K
The loudness of a sound source is related to how energetically the source is vibrating, consequently making the molecules of the propagation medium vibrate. To measure the loudness of a source, the physical quantity of interest is the intensity. This is defined as the energy emitted per unit of time per unit of area perpendicular to the sound wave's propagation direction. Since the total energy is greater if the source vibrates for a longer duration and over a larger area, dividing the...
4.8K
01:26Exercise Stress Test
1.3K
Introduction
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
1.3K
00:53Sound Intensity Level
4.9K
Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and...
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and...
4.9K
01:27Exercise and Muscle Performance
2.4K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
2.4K
01:17Exercise and Cardiac Output
2.0K
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
2.0K