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Characterizing nitric oxide emissions from two typical alpine ecosystems.

Fei Lin1, Chunyan Liu2, Xiaoxia Hu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

Journal of Environmental Sciences (China)
|December 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cultivating alpine meadows for food and due to global warming significantly increases nitric oxide (NO) emissions by 2.7 times compared to natural meadows. Soil temperature and nutrient levels predict these emissions.

Keywords:
Alpine meadowAnnual NO fluxesFreeze–thaw periodGlobal warmingLand use changeNon-growing season

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Science
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Alpine meadows face increasing cultivation for food production and due to global warming.
  • The impact of long-term land-use changes on nitric oxide (NO) emissions in these ecosystems is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify and compare year-round nitric oxide (NO) fluxes between a natural alpine meadow (NAM) and a cultivated forage oat field (FOF) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
  • To investigate the influence of soil properties and environmental factors on NO emissions.

Main Methods:

  • Year-round measurement of NO fluxes and related soil variables (temperature, ammonium, nitrate, water-extractable organic carbon) at a field site.
  • Comparison of NO emissions between NAM and FOF under different land management practices.

Main Results:

  • The cultivated forage oat field (FOF) exhibited approximately 2.7 times higher NO emissions than the natural alpine meadow (NAM).
  • Spring freeze-thaw and non-growing seasons contributed significantly (17%-35%) to annual NO emissions.
  • Soil temperature, ammonium, nitrate, and water-extractable organic carbon jointly explained 69% of the variance in daily NO fluxes.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term cultivation, including plow tillage and fertilization, substantially elevates NO emissions from alpine meadows.
  • While soil temperature influences NO emissions, land-use change is a more dominant factor.
  • Simultaneous monitoring of soil temperature, ammonium, nitrate, and water-extractable organic carbon can predict NO fluxes in these landscapes.