Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Entropy02:39

Entropy

36.0K
Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
36.0K
Entropy01:18

Entropy

3.6K
The first law of thermodynamics is quantitatively formulated via an equation relating the internal energy of a system, the heat exchanged by it, and the work done on it. A quantitative formulation of the second law of thermodynamics leads to defining a state function, the entropy.
When an ideal gas expands isothermally, the disorder in the gas increases. From the molecular perspective, the gas molecules have more volume to move around in.
Consider an infinitesimal step in the expansion, which...
3.6K
Standard Entropy Change for a Reaction03:00

Standard Entropy Change for a Reaction

24.4K
Entropy is a state function, so the standard entropy change for a chemical reaction (ΔS°rxn) can be calculated from the difference in standard entropy between the products and the reactants.
24.4K
Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

953
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
953
The Resting Membrane Potential01:21

The Resting Membrane Potential

142.5K
Overview
142.5K
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

599
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
599

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bionic nanozyme arrays for selective identifying and discriminating sulfonylurea herbicides via recognition site mimicry.

Journal of hazardous materials·2026
Same author

Consistent Brain Entropy Changes During Rumination Across Three Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scanners.

Neural plasticity·2026
Same author

A multiverse approach to heat-evoked skin conductance analysis: evaluating the influence of analytic pipeline on associations between skin conductance and pain.

Pain·2026
Same author

Mapping development trajectories of default mode network dysfunction in major depressive disorder using the subtype and stage inference model.

Journal of affective disorders·2026
Same author

Domain-General Neural Effects of Associative Learning and Expectations on Pain and Hedonic Taste Perception.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2025
Same author

Age-dependent effects of intranasal oxytocin administration were revealed by resting brain entropy (BEN).

Behavioural brain research·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
13:08

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia

Published on: December 2, 2015

9.5K

Resting-state brain entropy in schizophrenia.

Shao-Wei Xue1, Qingbao Yu2, Yonghu Guo1

  • 1Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Institutes of Psychological Sciences and the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou 311121, China.

Comprehensive Psychiatry
|December 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients exhibit altered temporal brain entropy (tBEN), with reductions in key areas and increases in others. These changes correlate with clinical symptoms, suggesting tBEN as a potential biomarker for schizophrenia.

More Related Videos

A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia
05:51

A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia

Published on: June 15, 2011

26.4K
Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities
08:08

Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities

Published on: May 10, 2017

15.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
13:08

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia

Published on: December 2, 2015

9.5K
A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia
05:51

A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia

Published on: June 15, 2011

26.4K
Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities
08:08

Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities

Published on: May 10, 2017

15.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Brain Imaging
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • The human brain exhibits temporal fluctuations reflecting information processing capacity, quantifiable by entropy.
  • Temporal brain entropy (tBEN) shows a stable pattern in healthy individuals but may be altered in neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.
  • Assessing tBEN could offer a novel method for characterizing schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in temporal brain entropy (tBEN) in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia.
  • To utilize resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from the COBRE project for this analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of resting-state fMRI data from 43 schizophrenia patients and 59 healthy controls.
  • Calculation and comparison of temporal brain entropy (tBEN) distribution between the two groups.

Main Results:

  • Schizophrenia patients displayed decreased tBEN in regions including the right middle prefrontal cortex, thalamus, hippocampus, and caudate.
  • Conversely, increased tBEN was observed in the left lingual gyrus, precuneus, right fusiform face area, and superior occipital gyrus.
  • tBEN in specific regions correlated negatively with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores and inversely with age of onset.

Conclusions:

  • Findings indicate a significant reduction in tBEN in schizophrenia, linked to clinical features.
  • Observed increases in tBEN in certain areas may represent a redistribution of entropy across the brain in schizophrenia patients.