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Related Experiment Videos

Validating and Refining EPA's Traffic Exposure Screening Measure.

Dana Rowangould1, Greg Rowangould2, Elena Craft3

  • 1Sustainable Systems Research, LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87110, USA. dana@sustainablesystemsresearch.net.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|December 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary
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Environmental justice (EJ) screening tools like EJScreen may underestimate pollution exposure. This study found low correlation between EJScreen

Area of Science:

  • Environmental science and public health research.
  • Air quality assessment and environmental justice.
  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial analysis.

Background:

  • High air pollution concentrations pose significant health risks, disproportionately affecting minority and low-income communities.
  • Environmental justice (EJ) screening tools, such as the US EPA's EJScreen, aid in identifying areas with potential health disparities.
  • The accuracy of EJScreen's pollution exposure estimates, particularly its traffic proximity metric, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy of the US Environmental Protection Agency's (US EPA) EJScreen traffic proximity air quality metric with dispersion modeling results.
  • To evaluate EJScreen's approximation of roadway air pollution concentrations near the Houston Ship Channel.
  • To propose and test enhancements to EJScreen's methodology for more accurate transportation air pollution screening.
Keywords:
EJScreenair pollutionroadwayspatialtraffic

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Main Methods:

  • Conducted fine-grained air pollution dispersion modeling in the Houston Ship Channel area.
  • Compared EJScreen's roadway air pollution indicator with modeled concentrations.
  • Developed and applied extended methods incorporating smaller units of analysis, road segment length, and wind direction.

Main Results:

  • A low correlation was found between modeled air pollution concentrations and EJScreen's roadway air pollution indicator.
  • Proposed extensions to EJScreen's methodology showed improved accuracy in assessing transportation air pollution.
  • Enhanced methods provided a more precise regional and local-level screening assessment for air pollution.

Conclusions:

  • EJScreen's current traffic proximity metric may not accurately reflect actual roadway air pollution concentrations.
  • Modifications to EJScreen, such as refining the unit of analysis and incorporating road segment length and wind direction, can enhance accuracy.
  • Improved screening tools are crucial for effective environmental justice initiatives and targeted public health interventions.