Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing Community-acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Children: Chart Review of...

Area of Science:

• Pediatric infectious diseases
• Antimicrobial resistance
• Clinical microbiology

Background:

• Rising global incidence of community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTI) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing organisms.
• Identified risk factors for ESBL-producing organisms include young age, uroprophylaxis, recurrent UTIs, and recent antibiotic use.

Purpose of the Study:

• To correlate known risk factors with the occurrence of ESBL-UTI in pediatric patients.
• To analyze the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolated uropathogens.

Main Methods:

• Clinical and microbiological data were collected from 100 children aged 1 month to 12 years with CA-UTI.
• Risk factors were compared between ESBL-producing and non-ESBL producing groups.
• Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant predictors.

Main Results:

• Antimicrobial sensitivity testing revealed high resistance to commonly used UTI treatments like cephalosporins, cotrimoxazole, fluoroquinolones, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.
• Most isolates remained sensitive to aminoglycosides, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems.
• Statistical analysis did not identify any significant risk factors that predispose to ESBL-UTI.

Conclusions:

• Despite the increasing prevalence of ESBL-producing organisms in pediatric CA-UTI, no specific risk factors were identified in this study.
• The observed antimicrobial resistance patterns highlight the need for judicious antibiotic selection, favoring agents like aminoglycosides, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems.