Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Competition02:34

Competition

24.8K
When organisms require the same limited resources within an environment, they may have to compete for them. Competition is a net-negative interaction. Even if two competing individuals or populations do not interact directly, the overall fitness of both competitors is lowered as a result of not having full access to the limited resource.
24.8K
Self-Help Support Groups01:28

Self-Help Support Groups

352
Self-help support groups are voluntary, community-based organizations that provide a platform for individuals with shared concerns to exchange support, insights, and practical strategies for coping with life challenges. Typically led by group members or paraprofessionals, these groups form a cornerstone of mental health care, especially in reaching populations that are underserved by traditional healthcare systems.
Accessibility and Cost-Effectiveness
One of the primary strengths of self-help...
352
What are Biogeochemical Cycles?00:54

What are Biogeochemical Cycles?

39.5K
The most common elements in organic molecules, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus, are only available in the ecosystem in limited amounts. Therefore, these nutrients must be recycled through both biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem, in processes generally called biogeochemical cycles.
39.5K
The Water Cycle01:00

The Water Cycle

28.5K
The Earth’s hydrosphere includes all of the areas where the storage and movement of water occurs. Since water is the basis of all living processes, the cycling of water is extremely important to ecosystem dynamics.
28.5K
The Phosphorus Cycle01:21

The Phosphorus Cycle

43.9K
Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
43.9K
The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

The Nitrogen Cycle

60.2K
Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
60.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cardiovascular and Hematological Responses to Postpartum Sprint Interval Training in Trained Females.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise·2026
Same author

Three weeks of heat maintenance potentiates the benefits of heat acclimation in trained females.

Physiological reports·2025
Same author

Quadriceps Morphology 6- to 60-Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear.

Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports·2025
Same author

The 4-minute mile mom.

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)·2025
Same author

Accuracy and Precision of the SlateSafety BandV2 and CORE Devices in Estimating Resting and Moderate Hyperthermic Exercise Temperature in Eumenorrheic Females.

International journal of sports physiology and performance·2025
Same author

Collagen remodeling increases after acute resistance exercise in healthy skeletal muscle irrespective of age.

American journal of physiology. Cell physiology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Performance Parameters of the TAGGG Telomere Length Assay
08:23

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Performance Parameters of the TAGGG Telomere Length Assay

Published on: April 21, 2023

3.7K

Optimizing recovery to support multi-evening cycling competition performance.

Normand A Richard1, Michael S Koehle2,3

  • 1a Ministry of Health , HealthLink BC Physical Activity Services , Burnaby , Canada.

European Journal of Sport Science
|December 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Cyclists in high-intensity criterium and track races need optimized recovery. This includes nutrition, hydration, sleep strategies, and specific recovery methods to improve performance after strenuous evening competitions.

Keywords:
Track cyclingathletecriteriumendurancesleepsports nutrition

More Related Videos

Muscle Velocity Recovery Cycles to Examine Muscle Membrane Properties
08:27

Muscle Velocity Recovery Cycles to Examine Muscle Membrane Properties

Published on: February 19, 2020

14.8K
A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
10:31

A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion

Published on: September 25, 2014

14.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Performance Parameters of the TAGGG Telomere Length Assay
08:23

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Performance Parameters of the TAGGG Telomere Length Assay

Published on: April 21, 2023

3.7K
Muscle Velocity Recovery Cycles to Examine Muscle Membrane Properties
08:27

Muscle Velocity Recovery Cycles to Examine Muscle Membrane Properties

Published on: February 19, 2020

14.8K
A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
10:31

A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion

Published on: September 25, 2014

14.0K

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Criterium and track cycling involve high speeds and power outputs over 10-90 minutes.
  • Consecutive evening races (speed-week, six-day events) compromise recovery due to demanding schedules.
  • Current recommendations for optimizing recovery in these specific cycling events are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine and provide recommendations for optimizing recovery in criterium and track cyclists.
  • To address the nutritional, hydration, sleep, and recovery strategies for athletes competing in repeated evening high-intensity events.

Main Methods:

  • Review of carbohydrate and protein intake for energy substrate utilization.
  • Analysis of hydration strategies to maintain homeostasis.
  • Examination of sleep optimization techniques and environmental factors.
  • Evaluation of active and passive recovery modalities.

Main Results:

  • Emphasis on carbohydrate and fluid intake pre- and post-race is crucial.
  • Strategies to optimize sleep quality and environment are recommended.
  • Active recovery (short, low-intensity exercise) and passive methods like compression garments and cold water immersion are beneficial.
  • Evidence for massage, pneumatic compression, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation remains inconclusive.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized recovery strategies are essential for cyclists in repeated high-intensity evening competitions.
  • Integrated approaches to nutrition, hydration, sleep, and recovery enhance return to homeostasis.
  • Further research is needed to validate certain passive recovery methods.