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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Measuring Caenorhabditis elegans Sensitivity to the Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist Levamisole
Published on: June 7, 2022
Levamisole-induced vasculitis
Tonya C George1, Daniel J Freet, James M Cross
1At the John S. Dunn Burn Center at Memorial Hermann Hospital, part of the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Tex., Tonya C. George is an assistant professor of surgery, Daniel J. Freet is an assistant professor, James M. Cross is a professor of surgery, and Todd F. Huzar is an associate professor of surgery. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.
Abstract:
Levamisole is a veterinary antihelminthic, chemotherapeutic agent, and immunomodulator that also is used as an adulterant and cutting agent in cocaine distribution. This drug may potentiate the sympathomimetic actions of cocaine and can cause neutropenia, agranulocytosis, purpuric retiform lesions, and skin necrosis. This article describes two cases of suspected levamisole-induced vasculitis. No standardized diagnostic or treatment algorithm exists for this challenging condition. Diagnosis and treatment require a multidisciplinary team approach.
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