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[Growth spurts of the bone from infancy to puberty.]

Hiroaki Ohta1

  • 1Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, International University of Health and Welfare/Women's Medical Center of Sanno Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Clinical Calcium
|December 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Human bone growth is most significant during infancy, with the first year seeing the greatest height increase. Nutrition is crucial for this early development, impacting peak bone mass attainment.

Area of Science:

  • Human physiology
  • Pediatric bone development
  • Calcium metabolism

Background:

  • Bone growth occurs in infancy (1-4 years) and puberty (12-17 years).
  • Infantile growth spurts, particularly in the first year, are the most substantial, contributing to a 1.5-fold height increase.
  • Bone development begins in fetal stages with active calcification in the third trimester.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review human bone growth from the fetal stage through infancy and puberty.
  • To examine the relationship between bone/calcium metabolism and overall skeletal development.
  • To highlight the factors influencing peak bone mass attainment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of bone growth and metabolism studies.
  • Analysis of skeletal development across different life stages (fetal, infancy, puberty).
  • Examination of nutritional impacts on early height and bone mass.

Main Results:

  • The first year of life represents the period of maximum bone growth.
  • Nutrition is the primary determinant of height growth in the first three years.
  • Peak bone mass is achieved after puberty, influenced by early life development.

Conclusions:

  • Bone growth and calcium metabolism are continuous processes starting before birth.
  • Early life nutrition and growth spurts are critical for achieving optimal peak bone mass.
  • Understanding these processes is essential for lifelong skeletal health.

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