Therapeutic Epigenetic Reprogramming of Trained Immunity in Myeloid Cells.

Area of Science:

• Immunology and Molecular Biology
• Epigenetics and Cellular Dynamics

Background:

• Myeloid cells (monocytes and macrophages) are crucial for immunity, adapting functions during inflammation.
• Myeloid cell plasticity, influenced by epigenetic changes, can result in detrimental polarization states linked to autoimmunity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review epigenetic mechanisms driving myeloid cell polarization and innate immune memory.
• To explore the potential of targeting these mechanisms for immunomodulatory therapies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent reports on epigenetic regulation in myeloid cells.
• Analysis of epigenetic dynamics in monocyte and macrophage lineages.

Main Results:

• Epigenetic dynamics sustain myeloid cell phenotypes after activation, impacting immune responses.
• Specific epigenetic mechanisms are linked to myeloid cell polarization and innate immune memory (tolerance and training).

Conclusions:

• Epigenetic mechanisms play a key role in myeloid cell plasticity and immune memory.
• Targeting these epigenetic pathways presents a promising strategy for treating immune-mediated diseases.