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Parenting Styles and Psychiatric Disorders in Children of Bipolar Parents
Soroor Arman1, Hajar Salimi2, Mohammad Reza Maracy3
1Department of Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Insights
Children of parents with bipolar disorder (PBD) have a higher risk of psychiatric disorders. Parenting styles significantly influence the incidence of conditions like psychosis and oppositional defiant disorder in these children.
Area of Science:
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- Developmental Psychology
- Genetics and Mental Health
Background:
- Parental bipolar disorder (BD) can impact child development and increase the risk of psychiatric disorders.
- Parenting styles may be influenced by parental mental health conditions, affecting child-rearing.
- Understanding these influences is crucial for early intervention and support.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate parenting styles in parents with bipolar disorder (PBD).
- To investigate the relationship between parenting styles and psychiatric disorders in children of PBD.
- To compare these outcomes with children of healthy parents.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study included 500 parents (250 with BD, 250 healthy) and their children aged 6-17 years.
- Parental BD diagnosis followed DSM-5 criteria.
- Child psychiatric disorders were assessed using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for school-age children (KSADS).
Main Results:
- Children of PBD showed significantly higher rates of depression, mania, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder.
- Authoritative parenting was associated with reduced risk of psychosis and oppositional defiant disorder.
- Authoritative parenting also correlated with an increased risk of cigarette/tobacco use.
Conclusions:
- Children of parents with bipolar disorder face a substantially higher risk of developing psychiatric disorders.
- Parenting styles play a significant role in the manifestation of psychiatric disorders in children of PBD.
- Further research into the interplay of parental mental health and parenting practices is warranted.
Background:
Bipolar disorders (BD) in parents can have different effects on children and perhaps as a reason of the incidence of various psychiatric disorders in them and they may show a particular parenting style due to features of their disease. Given a crucial role of parenting style in upbringing children, this study aimed to evaluate different styles of parenting and its relationship with psychiatric disorders in children of parents with bipolar disorder (PBD) compared with controls.
Materials And Methods:
In this case-control study, 500 parents with children aged 6-17 years were included that 250 of them with BD were selected as the case group and 250 of them were healthy as control group. The parents were selected according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) by a physician. Psychiatric disorders in children were assessed by The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for school-age children (KSADS). The collected data were analyzed with SPSS (version 20).
Results:
According to KSADS, there was significant difference between two groups of children in depression, mania, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (P < 0.05). In authoritative dimension, parenting styles were effective in the incidence of psychosis (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.775 [0.63-0.95]) and led to a decrease of 0.320 times in the chance of oppositional defiant disorder incidence (OR [95% CI]: 0.320 [0.21-0.74]; P = 0.043) but an increase of 1.129 times in the chance of cigarette/tobacco use (OR [95% CI]: 1.129 [1.02-1.25]; P = 0.016).
Conclusion:
The chance of psychiatric disorder's incidence in children of PBD was so far more than children of healthy parents. Hence, the incidence of some psychiatric disorders in children can be associated with parenting styles.
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