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Heat-killed lactobacilli alter both microbiota composition and behaviour.

Alicja K Warda1, Kieran Rea1, Patrick Fitzgerald1

  • 1APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.

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|January 1, 2019
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Summary

Inactivated microorganisms, like ADR-159, show potential as psychobiotics. This study found they improved social behavior and reduced stress hormones in healthy mice without adverse effects.

Keywords:
BehaviourGut-brain axisHeat-inactivated bacteriaLactobacillusParaprobioticsSocial preference

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Psychobiotics are defined as probiotics or prebiotics impacting mental health.
  • The definition is expanding to include inactivated microorganisms with bacterially-mediated brain effects.
  • Inactivated microorganisms offer advantages like safety and ease of use over live probiotics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of a heat-killed Lactobacillus fermentate (ADR-159) on the behavior and gut microbiota of healthy mice.
  • To assess the impact of inactivated microorganisms on healthy populations, an understudied area.
  • To explore the potential of inactivated microorganisms as novel psychobiotics.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy mice were fed a diet containing ADR-159, a heat-killed fermentate from two Lactobacillus strains.
  • Behavioral tests assessed sociability and stress responses.
  • Microbiota composition and corticosterone levels were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • ADR-159 consumption did not cause adverse effects on general health or anthropometrics.
  • Mice fed ADR-159 exhibited increased sociability and lower baseline corticosterone levels.
  • Significant, albeit subtle, changes in gut microbiota composition were observed, particularly in less abundant taxa.

Conclusions:

  • Heat-killed Lactobacillus fermentate (ADR-159) positively influences social behavior and stress hormone levels in healthy mice.
  • Inactivated microorganisms can modulate the gut microbiota of healthy individuals.
  • These findings support the expanded definition of psychobiotics and highlight the potential of inactivated microorganisms for mental health applications.