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Exploring Dental Student Performance in Moral Reasoning Using the Defining Issues Test 2.

Linda S Behar-Horenstein1, Lissette A Tolentino2

  • 1Linda S. Behar-Horenstein, PhD, is Distinguished Teaching Scholar and Professor, Colleges of Dentistry, Education, and Pharmacy, Director of CTSI Educational Development & Evaluation, and Co-Director of HRSA Faculty Development in Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Florida; Lissette A. Tolentino is a doctoral student in research and evaluation methodology at the University of Florida. lsbhoren@ufl.edu.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dental students’ initial moral reasoning varied by relationship status, with single students scoring higher in post-conventional reasoning. Humanitarian liberalism and religious orthodoxy also correlated with higher moral reasoning scores.

Keywords:
Defining Issues Test 2assessmentdental educationdental studentsethicsmoral reasoningprofessional ethicsprofessionalismsocial responsibility

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Ethics in Dentistry
  • Moral Development

Background:

  • Assessing moral reasoning in dental students is crucial for ethical practice.
  • Understanding factors influencing moral development can inform curriculum design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the baseline moral reasoning levels of dental students.
  • To examine the relationship between demographic/personal factors and moral reasoning.

Main Methods:

  • The Defining Issues Test 2 (DIT2) was administered to 245 first-year dental students.
  • DIT2 subscale scores were analyzed against gender, URM status, citizenship, language, and relationship status.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were found based on gender, URM status, citizenship, or primary language.
  • Single students scored higher on post-conventional (PC) and N2 indices, and lower on maintaining norms (MN).
  • Humanitarian liberalism (HL) and religious orthodoxy (RO) positively correlated with higher moral reasoning scores.

Conclusions:

  • Relationship status, HL, and RO are associated with initial moral reasoning levels in dental students.
  • Findings suggest potential for targeted educational interventions to enhance moral reasoning.
  • Further research can explore longitudinal changes in moral development throughout dental education.