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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

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Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
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Reaction Rate02:53

Reaction Rate

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The rate of reaction is the change in the amount of a reactant or product per unit time. Reaction rates are therefore determined by measuring the time dependence of some property that can be related to reactant or product amounts. Rates of reactions that consume or produce gaseous substances, for example, are conveniently determined by measuring changes in volume or pressure.
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Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving01:27

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San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in temperature (ΔT) is 55...
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Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate02:55

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The Collision Theory
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
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Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract01:31

Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract

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The lower respiratory tract is anatomically composed of several vital structures, including the larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, alveoli, lungs, and pleurae. Each component has a specific function, and all are intricately connected to ensure efficient respiration.
The Larynx
It is located between the pharynx and the trachea, acts as a passageway for air, and hosts several critical structures, such as the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis. The epiglottis acts as a gateway, guiding food to the...
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The Respiratory System01:16

The Respiratory System

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The respiratory system is comprised of the organs that enable breathing. Air enters the nostrils and mouth, followed by the pharynx (throat) and larynx (voice box), which lead to the trachea (windpipe). In the thoracic cavity, the trachea splits into two bronchi that allow air to enter the lungs. The bronchi split into progressively smaller bronchioles and terminate in small groups of tiny sacs in the lungs called alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Using a Thermal Camera to Measure Heat Loss Through Bird Feather Coats
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Exploratory Study to Evaluate Respiratory Rate Using a Thermal Imaging Camera.

Heather E Elphick1, Abdulkadir Hamidu Alkali2, Ruth K Kingshott3

  • 1Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom, Heather.Elphick@sch.nhs.uk.

Respiration; International Review of Thoracic Diseases
|January 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thermal imaging accurately measures respiratory rate in children and adults, correlating closely with standard methods. This non-contact approach shows promise for clinical respiratory rate monitoring.

Keywords:
Respiratory rateThermal imagingVital signs

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Area of Science:

  • Medical technology
  • Physiological monitoring
  • Pediatric and adult medicine

Background:

  • Respiratory rate is a critical vital sign for assessing unwell individuals.
  • Existing electronic vital sign devices lack a non-contact respiratory rate measurement.
  • A practical, non-contact method is needed to avoid patient distress during respiratory rate assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a novel thermal imaging technique for monitoring respiratory rate.
  • To assess the feasibility of using thermal imaging in both pediatric and adult populations.

Main Methods:

  • Facial thermal images were captured from 61 participants (20 children, 41 adults).
  • Respiration was recorded for at least 2 minutes from 1 meter distance.
  • Thermal imaging data was compared against contact-based methods (thermistor, plethysmography, airflow, capnography).

Main Results:

  • Initial correlation between thermal imaging and contact methods was strong (r = 0.94).
  • Algorithm refinements enabled real-time measurements.
  • Improved correlation reached r = 0.995 with optimized algorithms.

Conclusions:

  • Thermal imaging demonstrates high correlation with standard methods for respiratory rate measurement in children and adults.
  • This non-contact method shows potential for clinical application in acute and chronic care settings.
  • Further development could lead to widespread adoption of this technology.